HS-201 Final

viticulture is…

the growth and study of grapes

what color are the true flower parts of poinsettias?

yellow

a herbaceous perennial plant

non-woody plants that typically dies back to the ground in the winter and then re-grows from the roots the following spring

Andropogon virginicus has many common names. Which common name did we discuss in detail when Brian showed an example of something his grandma made for him?

broom straw

In the plant world: Can a variety have a cultivar?

yes

estimated number of discovered/identified gymnosperm plants on earth

1,000

plants that are selected for use as a SCREEN should have/do all of the following features EXCEPT

defensive foliage/stems (thorns or spiny) to keep things in or out of an area

dicots are…

a sub-classification within the class angiosperms

Swedish botanist who created the current system of plant nomenclature (binomial system)

carl linneaus

which of the following is an example of a CLASS of plants that we discussed?

angiospermae

which of the following is the properly written name of an interspecific hybrid plant?

Abelia x grandiflora

what is the primary difference between plants in the class Angiospermae and plants in the class Gymnospermae?

gymnosperms bear “naked seeds” and angiosperms bear seeds that are enclosed in a fruit

which english estate/garden has “The Great Vine” which is housed in a greenhouse and has a large open area of soil (outside the greenhouse) and helps provide space for its roots to grow?

Hampton Court

plant taxonomy/classification is a system that classifies plants based on their…

flower/reproductive characteristics

vegetative plant parts can be variable from location to location. which of the following is NOT a reason why plant leaves (vegetative parts) can change or be different on the same plant or different plants of the same species?

chemical composition

all of the following characteristics make a plant horticultural and NOT agronomic EXCEPT…

maximum productivity focused on large acreage and not individual plants

the USDA hardiness zone map outlines 13 different zones in North America where plants can grow. what data was used to generate this map?

average minimal temperatures for a given area

a plant sexual condition in which a plant species has male (pollen) flowers on one plant and female (ovary) flowers on another separate plant (two houses)

dioecious

which of a following is a clone?

cultivar

which of the following is an example of a biennial plant that we discussed in class?

carrot

an example of a microclimate in the landscape would be?

on a brick south-facing patio that is protected from the wind

the landscape architect of the Biltmore estate in Asheville, NC was

fredrick law olmstead

which of the following plant groups is NOT classified as a monocot (Monocotyledonae)

deciduous trees

a division of plants known to have a vascular system for transporting materials is called…

tracheophyta

which of the following is a properly written plant cultivar name?

Lagerstroemia indica ‘Victor Red’

what state is the #1 producer of vegetables in the country?

california

we discussed several plants in the rose family (Rosaceae). which plant is not in the Rosaceae?

potato

how many angiosperm plants are there in the world (give or take a few)?

300,000

a variety is a sub-classification of a species of a plant that

has a naturally occurring mutation that can perpetuate itself (seed) without any help from humans

“one bad apple spoils the whole bunch” is a phrase we often use today to describe the behavior of people, but the meaning behind this phrase comes from the tendency of fruit to ripen quicker when one of the fruit is rotten. we discussed how one “bad apple” can make the others ripen quicker. what is the chemical (naturally occurring plant hormone) that is responsible for this ripening? Note: two NCSU scientists discovered (and synthesized) the compound 1-MCP, which inhibits this plant hormone, thus slowing fruit ripening)

ethylene

who was the forester employed at the Biltmore Estate (1895-1909) who started the Biltmore Forestry School which as later coined the “Cradle of Forestry in America” ?

Dr. Carl Schenck

we discussed the reasons why one should know if a plant is monoecious or dioecious in regards to fruit. what was the plant that produced the huge (softball-sized) fruit that busted the lady’s windshield?!?!?!

Maclura pomifera (osage orange)

which of the following is NOT suggested (one that we discussed) for making Topiaries?

Berberis (barberry)

which of the following plant uses/functions involves specialized pruning techniques/practices?

Espalier

which of the following is NOT true about the USDA plant hardiness zone maps?

made up of 13 distinct zones with zone 1 being the warmest

of the many plant “uses” that we discussed, some are “newer” to us in the U.S. and are more focused, pertinent, and beneficial in urban environments. which of the following is NOT one specifically discussed?

allee

when discussing gymnosperms i class, Brian brought in some items (3 in total different sizes) he collected to show as an example of the “reproductive” structures of conifers. what were they???

Pinus lambertiana cones (longest cones of any conifer in the world)

a complete species name of a plant must contain…

the genus + specific epithet

the binomial classification of plants:

groups plants based on their flower structure, is a two-name system for identifying plants, is derived from latin, is recognized internationally (all of the above)

all gymnosperms are conifers?

false

plants selected for use as a “barrier” plant or planting MUSt have what unique feature?

sharp/defensive structures

fagus is the genus for oaks?

false

the study of the cultivation of fruits…

pomology

plants that are evergreen retain all of their foliage all year long (all the time). they don’t lose any.

false

rain gardens are…

designed planting areas to collect, filter, and clean runoff water from parking lots and buildings

volunteer plants are actually annuals that just re-seed themselves and grow the following year.

true

which of the following is NOT a method used by vines to climb?

whip shoots

which of the following is NOT a plant habit?

weed

the location (name) of the grand allee of the Quercus trees (nearly 300 years old!) is…

Oak Alley Plantation - Louisiana

which of the following is the name of a plant family?

Aquifoliaceae (-aceae)

pollination is…

when pollen lands on the stigma, gets stuck there and the plant accepts it

emasculation is the removal of which plant part?

anthers

plants that will accept their own pollen are called…

self-compatible

irish potatoes are: 1) botanically classified as what? 2) they are this because they have what part(s)?

modified stems; nodes

trichomes are what?

hairs (or hair-like strucures)

fertilization is…

when the genetic information from the pollen is transferred into the ovule by the pollen tube and unites with the genetic information in the ovule

plants grow in length the SAME way the hair on your head does?

false

the tallest tree (Sequoia sempervirens) in the world (Hyperion) is how tall?

375-400’

conifer with the largest (by volume/height) cones in the world. the “widow maker”!

Pinus coulteri

humans, bees, and hummingbirds all see color the same way?

false

which specific group of animals have bacteria in their gut (digestive system) that allow them to break down cellulose?

ruminants

the dead, nonfunctioning (transporting water) inside/center part of a tree (wood) is the…

heartwood

the plant, which bloomed here at NCSU a few years ago, was 6’ tall, maroon flesh-colored, smelled of rancid/rotten flesh, and generated heat… all as means of attracting pollinators.

Amorphophallus titanum

root hairs serve what major purpose?

increase the absorption capacity of water and nutrients

zones of actively dividing cells responsible for plant growth in length and girth are

meristems

the internal part/structure of leaves that is comprised of loosely packed cells (with lots of air spaces) found on the bottom/underside of the leaf next to the lower epidermal layer

spongy mesophyll

which of the following is NOT a type of root?

stolon

a perfect flower has both stamens and pistils. Which of the following imperfect flowers is missing the male flower parts?

pistillate

the function of cellulose in a plant is to…

provide strength and rigidity to plants

the role of the epidermis in a plant is…

control water and gas loss from the plant leaves

modified stems that look like leaves are found on several plants, including Christmas and Thanksgiving cactus. what are these modified stems called?

cladophylls

when trying to break seed dormancy (so that you can get seeds to germinate) on seeds that are “Double Dormant,” what do you do (which process) first?

scarify

specialized epidermal cells that open and close the stomata are called…

guard cells

when you eat corn-on-the-cob and you get silks stuck in your teeth, what are those silks?

pistils

xylem transports…

water and nutrients up the plant

plant with whorled leaf arrangement that is DEADLY often found in coastal areas?

Nerium oleander

seed dormancy is…

when the seed does not germinate even when environment conditions are favorable for germination because of a physical or physiological condition in the seed

which of the following plants have stolons?

spider plant

to determine whether a plant has simple or compound leaves, you must first find…

the bud

when you are eating a seed, you are eating a ripened…

ovule

stems have many functions, as we discussed. which of the following is NOT one we discussed?

absorption of water vapor from the air and all the carbon dioxide needed by the plant

the oldest tree(s) in the world (5000+ years) are…

bristlecone pines (Pinus longaeva)

stipules on a plant are associated with which part?

leaf

flowers can offer all of the following “rewards” to attract pollinators, except…

security

an incomplete flower can be perfect?

true

the “petrified forest” is in ___ and the trees are ___?

south dakota, bald cypress

plants with a fibrous root system have/do all of the following EXCEPT…

have multiple tap roots

all of the following terms are associated with fleshy fruit types except…

dehiscent/indehiscent

fruit formed by several flowers that fuse during ripening are…

multiple fruit

the “natural grafting” that occurs over time on plants that grow/rub close together is called…

inosculation

selecting plants for use/aesthetics in the landscape is based on their physical features. we listed five desired/physical features that plants have. any one, or more, of these five features may warrant the selection and use of that plant, especially for aesthetic purposes. which of the following is NOT one of the five features?

buds

dendrochronology is a procedure/method that determines…

age of a tree and previous events (weather patterns) that occurred during the trees life

oranges, limes, and grapefruits would be which kind of fruit?

hesperidium

tree bark is comprised of several different layers (tissue zones and types). the secondary phloem “inner bark” is made by the secondary meristem called:_____, while the “outer bark” is made by the secondary meristem called _____.

vascular cambium; cork cambium

the broad expanded part of a leaf is called the…

blade

which of the following is NOT one of the four classic flower parts?

bracts

the vascular cambium separates the…

secondary phloem from the secondary xylem

which of the following are NOT parts/terms of a fruit?

cambium

phloem transports…

sugars from the leaves down to the stems, roots and to the fruits

what was the title of “The Cat in the Hat” book read in class?

“Oh Say Can You Seed?”