01 IVT Introduction

45 to 95 mL/min

major veins used to deliver IV solutions

Cephalic and basilic veins: […]

150 to 300 mL/min

major veins used to deliver IV solutions

Subclavian vein: […]

2000 mL/min

major veins used to deliver IV solutions

Superior vena cava: […]

lesser trauma

Smaller gauge, __________

complications

Catheters that are too big invite […]

gauge

____ must match the type of fluid to be administered

irritating medication

_______, select a small bore catheter and insert it in a large vein to promote dilution and minimize vein irritation

Digital

Device: 26 g

Consideration:

• Avoid use because of small size

• Areas of flexion

Metacarpal

Device:

• 20- to 24-gauge to 3/4-1 inch in length over the needle catheter

• 21- to 25- gauge steel needle (one-time use for short infusion only)

Consideration:

• Good site to begin therapy

• Easily visualized

• Small veins that should be avoided if infusing irritating solution

Cephalic

Device:

• 18 to 24-gauge cannulas, usually over-the-needle catheter

Consideration:

• Large vein, easy to access

• Blood

• Chemically irritating medications

Basilic

Device:

• 18- to 24-gauge cannulas, usually over-the-needle catheter

Consideration:

• Large vein (rolling vein)

Accesory cephalic

Device:

• 18- to 22-gauge cannulas, usually over-the-needle catheter

Considerations:

• Medium to large size and easy to stabilize

• May be difficult to palpate in persons with large amount of adipose tissue

Median antebrachial

Device:

• 18- to 24-gauge cannulas, usually over-the-needle catheter

Considerations:

• Avoid because area has many nerve endings

Median cubital

Device:

• 16- to 22-gauge cannulas, usually over-the-needle catheter

Considerations:

• For blood draws for laboratory analysis only

• Uncomfortable placement site

• Area difficult to splint with arm board

Scalp vein

Device:

• Infant < 18 months of age

Considerations:

• Highly visible

• Easily accessed

16 g and 18 g

Type of IV: High-risk major surgeries and trauma

16 g

Type of IV: Transplant procedure

16 g and 18 g

Type of IV: Px requiring multiple large-volume infusions

16 g and 18 g

Type of IV: rapid fluid administration (bolus)

18 g

Type of IV: Blood tranfusions

18 g

Type of IV: CT scan with IV dye

20 g

Type of IV: Minor trauma

20 g

Type of IV: routine infusion

20 g

Type of IV: may be used for BT when rapid rates are not required

22 g

Type of IV: small and fragile veins

22 g

Type of IV: used for children and for general infusion (IV fluids, medication)

24 g

Type of IV: childrens & (adult, elderly) px with extremely small veins

26 g

used for neonates

5-12 cm (2-6 inches)

Apply a tourniquet [size] above the access or insertion site

¼ inches

Upon flashback visualization, decrease angle and advance the catheter and stylet [size] into the vein

green

Sticker color: IVF tag - details of infusion

white

Sticker color: IV line tag - date due for changing

yellow

infectious waste

black

dry waste

sharps collector

needles and sharps

15-30 degree angle

using the appropriate IV catheter, pierce skin with a needle positioned on a 15-30 degree angle