Greek Definitions

Classical Athens Class

Amphictyony

alliance of groups to protect religious sanctuaries

Symmachia

- helping friends, harming enemies

• fighting against a common enemy usually

Epimachia

defensive ally ONLY

• through Xenia

Xenia

- hospitality (obligation for both sides)

• e.g. visit a city-state → city-state hosts nicely → become friends and back eo up

Boule

council

Hegemon

dominant state as leader

• direct alliances

Hellenotamiai

Athenians who asses treasury for the Delian league

Cleruchy

lands Athenians own outside of Athens

• athenian colonies

aparchai

first fruits given to athena (e.g. 1/ 60th tribute from each city-state)

• for the Acropolis and Athena

  • essentially to enrich Athens even more

Basileus

male monarchy

Tyrannos

extra legal means through popular support

Democracy

The population of a Polis

• more of the “lower class”

ostrakon

pot shards with the names of people who were going to be ostracized

helots

slaves under spartans

arche

ruler

Isonomia

equal application of the law

• e.g. one person’s vote is weighed the same as another person’s vote

dokimasia

a hearing/ meeting before someone taking office

• ppl testify someone’s character so they could become a member

what is Euthunai? What is logos? What is Euthynai? How are they all related?

Euthunai

- “straightening”

• rendering/ statement of accounts

Logos

- statement of account

Euthynai

- opportunity to object to magistrate’s conduct in office

• can be taken to court

relation

- process in a dokimasia

tamai of athena

people who keep an eye on the funds from the Delian league that are reserved for Athena

phylae

tribe/ clan

phratry

neighbourhood/ male centered community

• e.g. introducing newborn child to phratry

areopagus

elite body of elders

what is the symposium? what is the symposiarch? how are they all related?

symposium

- drinking party of elite men

• has: sex-workers/ entertainers, competition (games), jus talking (philosophy)

symposiarch

- the one in charge of hosting the symposium

• e.g. determines the pace they drink

relation:

- circles back to the symposium

- male elite values

• a tradition

what is a Krater? What is a kylix? what is a skolion? what is a Kottabos? How are they all related?

Krater

- jus to mix wine and water

kylix

- drinking cup

skolion

- drinking song

kottabos

- game to throw away the wine in their cup at a target

relation

- all used in a symposium

ta aphrodisia

sexuality

eros

desire

sophrosune

value to moderate your behaviour

• loosely translated as: moderation/ self-control

what is pederasty? what is erastes? what is eromenos? How are they related?

pederasty

- differentiate between boy and a man

erastes

- lover

eromenos

- beloved

relation

- how men and boys are differentiated

• erastes = lover = man

• eromenos = beloved = boy

what is a pallakai? what is a hetairai? how are they related terms?

pallakai

- live-in or long term partner

hetairai

- sex-worker

relation

- for men

• pleasure OR to be taken care of when they do not have a wife

techne

experts

• e.g. doctors

Pharmaca

drugs/ potions

circumvalation

building walls around

Choregos

wealthy athenian citizen who funded the preparations for plays (mainly at Dionysia)

What is a komos? when does it usually occur?

celebratory procession

• after Dionysia events

what was a proagon

in charge of the theatre

• e.g. of the playwright and actors

what is the paralus and salamina? when was the paralus used?

- “seaside” ship and “sacred” ship

• both messenger ships

paralus

strategos

leader of the army

stasis

revolts and conflicts with political parties or government

satrap

governer of a portion of an empire

hetaireiai

oligarchic clubs

what is the cothornos? Who was it associated with?

- sandle that could help disguise actors

• theramenes (“flip-flopper”)

heliaia

court

synedrion

assembly of allies