Popliteal Fossa/Leg

Superomedial border of the popliteal fossa

Semimembranosus and semitendinosus

Superolateral border of the popliteal fossa

Biceps femoris

Inferomedial border of the popliteal fossa

Medial head of gastroc

Inferolateral border of the popliteal fossa

Lateral head of gastroc

Roof (posterior border) of the popliteal fossa

Popliteal fascia

Floor (anterior border) of the popliteal fossa

Supracondylar lines, posterior knee joint, popliteus

What is the popliteal fascia continuous with?

Fascia lata

What structures traverse the popliteal fascia in some way?

Small saphenous vein, PFCN, medial and lateral sural cutaneous nerves

What are the contents of the popliteal fossa?

Popliteal vessels, tibial nerve, common fibular nerve, PFCN, popliteal nodes/lymphatic vessels

Where does the small saphenous vein drain?

Popliteal vein

What branch of the tibial nerve forms the sural nerve?

Medial sural nerve

What branch of the common fibular nerve forms the sural nerve?

Sural communicating branch

What are the two independent branches of the fibular nerve?

Deep and superficial fibular nerves

Where does the PFCN end?

Popliteal fossa

When does the femoral artery become the popliteal artery?

When it passes through the adductor hiatus

When does the popliteal artery end?

Bifurcation into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries

What are the 5 genicular branches of the popliteal artery?

Superior lateral, superior medial, middle, inferior lateral, inferior medial

What does the superior lateral genicular artery anastomose with? (from ___)

Descending lateral femoral circumflex artery (from profunda femoris artery)

What does the superior medial genicular artery anastomose with? (from ___)

Descending genicular artery (from femoral artery)

What does the middle genicular artery anastomose with? (from ___)

4th perforating artery (from profunda femoris artery)

What does the inferior lateral genicular artery anastomose with? (from ___)

Anterior tibial recurrent artery (from tibial artery)

What does the inferior medial genicular artery anastomose with? (from ___)

Nothing

What is the popliteal vein a continuation of?

Posterior tibial vein

What are 3 major tributaries of the popliteal vein?

Anterior and posterior tibial veins, genicular veins, small saphenous vein

Where do all popliteal nodes drain?

Deep inguinal nodes

What connects the tibia and fibula?

Interosseous membrane

What are the two tendinous bands around the inferior dorsiflexor compartment?

Superior and inferior extensor retinaculum

What are the major actions of the anterior compartment of the leg?

Dorsiflexion and inversion of ankle, extension of toes

What is the common arterial supply to the anterior compartment of the leg? (from ___)

Anterior tibial artery (from popliteal artery)

Where do the tendons of the lateral compartment of the leg pass?

Posterior to lateral malleolus

Which arteries supply the lateral compartment of the leg?

Perforating branches of the anterior tibial and fibular artery

What is the position of the flexor retinaculum, and what does it hold?

Between the medial malleolus and calcaneus, holds deep muscle tendons and posterior tibial artery

What is the arterial supply to the posterior compartment of the leg?

Posterior tibial and fibular arteries

What are the general actions of muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg?

Plantar flexion and inversion

Which muscles compose the triceps surae?

Gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris

From what nerve does the saphenous nerve originate?

Femoral

Which nerve supplies the skin on the medial side of the ankle and foot?

Saphenous

From what nerve does the sural nerve originate?

Tibial and common fibular

Which nerve supplies the skin on the posterior/lateral leg and foot?

Sural nerve

From which nerve does the tibial nerve originate?

Sciatic

Which nerve supplies the posterior leg muscles and knee joint?

Tibial

From which nerve does the common fibular nerve originate?

Sciatic

Which nerve supplies the skin on the lateral posterior leg (via the sural nerve) and the knee (via its articular branch)?

Common fibular

From which nerve does the superficial fibular nerve originate?

Common fibular nerve

Which nerve supplies fibularis longus/brevis, the skin on the distal 1/3 of the anterior leg, and the dorsum of the foot?

Superficial fibular nerve

From which nerve does the deep fibular nerve originate?

Common fibular nerve

Which nerve supplies the anterior leg muscles and the skin between the first and second toes?

Deep fibular

Which artery is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery?

Dorsalis pedis

From which artery does the fibular artery originate?

Posterior tibial

Injury to what nerve (the most injured nerve in the lower limb) causes footdrop?

Common fibular