River Landscapes in the UK

The _____ cycle is a cycle of processes by which water circulates between the earth’s oceans, atmosphere and land

Water

___________ is when water is heated by the sun changes into water vapour

Evaporation

___________ is water vapour being released by trees and pland

Transpiration

___________ can be rain, hail, sleet or snow

Precipitation

_______ is water moving across the ground as a stream or river

Runoff

___________ is water moving downwards through the soil, into the rocks below

Percolation

___________ is water being stored in porous rocks deep below the ground

Groundwater

Surface _______ is when water lies on the ground as puddles or lakes

Storage

Groundwater ____ is very slow water movement deep below the ground

Flow

___________ is when surface water soaks into the soil

Infiltration

____________ is when water droplets collect on trees and plants

Interception

_________ is water flowing downhill through the soil

Throughflow

Soil ________ is water stored in the soil and broken rocks near the surface

Moisture

Water _____ is the saturated zone below ground

Table

A _______ _____ is an area of land that is drained by a river and its tributaries

Drainage Basin

As a river moves from source to mouth, the gradient _________.

Decreases

A river also has a _______ profile

Concave

The _____ course has V-Shaped valleys which are caused by vertical erosion

Upper

In the middle course of a river, __________ is the main transportation type

Suspension

The River ______ is the land surrounding the river

Valley

The River ______ is the part of the river that holds the water

Channel

________ is the wearing away and removal of material by a moving force

Erosion

_________ Action is a type of erosion where the force of the water and air hit the bed of the banks of the river

Hydraulic

________ is a type of erosion where material scrapes at the bed and banks of a river to erode

Abrasion

_________ is a type of erosion where material bounces/hits other material, making it smoother and rounder.

Attrition

_________ is a type of erosion where chemical reactions take place which dissolves rock as the river flows over (often limestone or chalk)

Solution

Name the two ways in which a river can erode

Laterally and Vertically

In the upper course of a river, _______ erosion occurs

Vertical

In the middle course of a river, both vertical and _______ erosion occurs

Lateral

In the lower course of a river, ______ erosion occurs

Lateral

____ is any sediment that is carried in the flow of a river

Load

___ load is material being transported along the bed of a river

Bed

_________ load is material being transported in the flow of the river water

Suspended

_______ is the speed at which the river flows

Velocity

Gradient and _____ of water impact velocity

Volume