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Inhaled poisons
Signs/Symptoms: dyspnea, cough, wheezing, headache, dizziness, confusion, cyanosis
Treatment: remove patient from exposure, high flow oxygen, rapid transport
Absorbed poisons
Signs/Symptoms: local irritation/rash/burns, itching, redness, systemic symptoms
Treatment: remove contaminated clothing, brush off dry chemcials, flush with water (20 min), transport
Ingested poisons
Sings/Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, burns around mouth, abdominal pain, altered LOC
Treatment: identify substance/amount/time, contact poison control, oxygen (if indicated), rapid transport
Injected poisons
Signs/Symptoms: pain/redness/swelling at site, allergic reaction, weakness, dizziness, sweating
Treatment: remove clothing around site, rapid transport
Alcohol intoxication
Signs/Symptoms: slurred speech, unsteady gait, alterted LOC, nausea, vomiting
Treatment: prevent aspiration, transport
Opioid
CNS depressant from narcotics
Signs/Symptoms: pinpoint pupils, slow/shallow respirations, bradycardia, unresponsive/altered LOC, possible needle marks, cold/dry skin
Treatment: airway support, oxygen, naloxone, rapid transport
Food poisoning
Signs/Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, fever
Treatment: transport
Allergic reaction
Signs/Symptoms: itching, hives, rash, swelling of face/lips, sneezing, watery eyes
Treatment: remove allergen source, transport
Anaphylaxis
Signs/Symptoms: swelling of airway/tongue, wheezing, stridor, hypotension, tachycardia, hives, flushing
Treatment: maintain airway, high flow oxygen, epinephrine, rapid transport
Anticholinergic
Overstimulation of the sympathetic nervous system due to inhibition of parasympathetic activity
Signs/Symptoms: hyperthermia, dry/flushed skin, dilated pupils, blurred vision, delirium, hallucinations
Treatment: oxygen, rapid transport
Cholinergic
Excess stimulation of parasympathetic nervous system
Signs/Symptoms: salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, GI upset, emesis, miosis (SLUDGEM), bradycardia, hypotension
Treatment: oxygen, rapid transport
Sympathomimetic
Stimulants that mimic sympathetic nervous system
Signs/Symptoms: hypertension, tachycardia, dilated pupils, hyperthermia, agitation, paranoia, seizures
Treatment: oxygen, cooling, transport
Sedative-Hypnotic
CNS depressants including benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and some sleep aids
Signs/Symptoms: drowsiness, confusion, ataxia, slurred speech, respiratory depression, hypotension
Treatment: oxygen, airway management, rapid transport