Week 1: Typical Language Development Birth-5

Speech

How we make sound

Articulation, Fluency, Voice

Language

Understanding and using words/signs/symbols to communicate information

Literacy

Understanding and the use of PRINTED words/signs/symbols to communicate information

Components of Form

Syntax- Structure of sentences that follow grammar rules (I threw the ball vs I the ball threw)

Morphology- Internal organization of words (Morpheme=smallest grammatical unit) Free and bound words (dog vs dogs)

Phonology- Rules that govern the structure, distribution, and sequence of speech sounds, including some variations of sounds depending on the other sounds surrounding it (The /p/ in pig vs soup) (Phoneme = smallest unit of sound)

Component of Content

Semantics- Rule governed system involving word meaning (Bass a fish vs bass guitar)

Component of Use

Pragmatics- Social use of language and how one uses language to achieve communication goals

(Intent)

Language Disorder

Impaired comprehension and/or use of spoken, written, and/or other symbol systems

Ex: Learning Disabilities (Reading, Spelling, Writing)

Speech Disorder

Impairment of the articulation of speech sounds, fluency and/or voice

Ex: Stuttering

Inflectional morphemes

Suffixes only

Derivational morphemes

Can be suffixes and prefixes

Developmental Language Disorder (DLD)

Not one cause; multiple risk factors

Not cognitive deficits

Etiologies associated with DLD- Genetic and Neurobiological factors (Neuro-language in the typical brain, brain structure, and brain function)

Why is Differential Diagnosis important?

To determine appropriate treatment plans

SLPs do this by doing evaluations and assessments

Temperament of Infants

Easy 40%

Difficult 10%

Slow to warm up 15%