[INORGANIC CHEMISTRY] Phosphoric Acid , Boric Acid Salts & Phosphate Buffer System

a. Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄)

Triprotic acid which undergoes 3 stages of ionization

a. Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄)

b. Sodium hypophosphite (NaHPO₂)

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄)

d. Sodium biphosphate (Na₂HPO₄)

a. True

Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) is a weak acid
a. True

b. False

b. Sodium hypophosphite (NaHPO₂)

Reducing agent (antioxidant)

a. Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄)

b. Sodium hypophosphite (NaHPO₂)

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄)

d. Sodium biphosphate (Na₂HPO₄)

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄)

Also known as Monobasic sodium phosphate.

a. Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄)

b. Sodium hypophosphite (NaHPO₂)

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄)

d. Sodium biphosphate (Na₂HPO₄)

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄)

P source used in TPN for hypophosphatemia.

a. Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄)

b. Sodium hypophosphite (NaHPO₂)

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄)

d. Sodium biphosphate (Na₂HPO₄)

f. All of the above

• Systemic acidifier

• Urinary acidifier

• Urinary antiseptic

Uses of Sodium dihydrogen phosphate:

a. Systemic acidifier

b. Urinary acidifier

c. Urinary antiseptic

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All of the above

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄)

Can be used for treatment of UTI and cystitis.

a. Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄)

b. Sodium hypophosphite (NaHPO₂)

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄)

d. Sodium biphosphate (Na₂HPO₄)

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄)

It can be used as systemic and urinary acidifier with methenamine producing NH3 + formaldehyde (HCHO).

a. Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄)

b. Sodium hypophosphite (NaHPO₂)

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄)

d. Sodium biphosphate (Na₂HPO₄)

d. Sodium biphosphate (Na₂HPO₄)

Also known as Phosphate of soda

a. Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄)

b. Sodium hypophosphite (NaHPO₂)

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄)

d. Sodium biphosphate (Na₂HPO₄)

d. Sodium biphosphate (Na₂HPO₄)

Also known as Dibasic sodium phosphate

a. Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄)

b. Sodium hypophosphite (NaHPO₂)

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄)

d. Sodium biphosphate (Na₂HPO₄)

a. Fleet Enema

Monobasic + dibasic sodium phosphate

a. Fleet Enema
b. Lactulose solution
c. Magnesium citrate solution
d. Bisacodyl suppository

e. None

True about Fleet enema except:

a. Monobasic + Dibasic sodium phosphate

b. Saline laxative which is not absorb from the intestine

c. Indirectly lowers Ca levels and favors deposition of Ca and PO4 in bone

d. Treatment for hypercalcemia

e. None

a. Fleet Enema (Dibasic Sodium Phosphate, Sodium Biphosphate)

Saline laxative which is not absorbed from the intestine.

a. Fleet Enema
b. Castor oil
c. Bisacodyl
d. Docusate sodium

b. Saline laxative

Fleet Enema (Dibasic Sodium Phosphate, Sodium Biphosphate) is used as _______ which is not absorbed from the intestine.

a. Bulk-forming laxative
b. Saline laxative
c. Stimulant laxative
d. Emollient laxative

a. Fleet Enema (Dibasic Sodium Phosphate, Sodium Biphosphate)

Indirectly lowers Ca levels and favors deposition of Ca and PO4 in bone

a. Fleet Enema
b. Castor oil
c. Bisacodyl
d. Docusate sodium

a. Fleet Enema (Dibasic Sodium Phosphate, Sodium Biphosphate)

Treatment for hypercalcemia

a. Fleet Enema
b. Castor oil
c. Bisacodyl
d. Docusate sodium

a. True

Tribasic sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄) have a very alkaline reaction with water (corrosive)

a. True

b. False

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄)

Used for cleaning glass apparatus and has no pharmaceutical use.

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄)
b. Sodium polymetaphosphate
c. Monobasic potassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄)
d. Calcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂)
e. Dibasic calcium phosphate
f. Aluminum phosphate (AlPO₄)

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄)

Tribasic sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄) have no pharmaceutical use

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄)
b. Sodium polymetaphosphate
c. Monobasic potassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄)
d. Calcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂)
e. Dibasic calcium phosphate
f. Aluminum phosphate (AlPO₄)

b. Sodium polymetaphosphate

Known as the Graham's salt

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄)
b. Sodium polymetaphosphate
c. Monobasic potassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄)
d. Calcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂)
e. Dibasic calcium phosphate
f. Aluminum phosphate (AlPO₄)

b. Sodium polymetaphosphate

Calgon®

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄)
b. Sodium polymetaphosphate
c. Monobasic potassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄)
d. Calcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂)
e. Dibasic calcium phosphate
f. Aluminum phosphate (AlPO₄)

a. Detergent and water softener

Tribasic sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄) is used as a _______

a. Detergent and water softener

b. Emulsifying agent

c. Preservative

d. Antidote for heavy metal poisoning

c. Monobasic potassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄)

Known as the Sorensen's Potassium Phosphate

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄)
b. Sodium polymetaphosphate
c. Monobasic potassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄)
d. Calcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂)
e. Dibasic calcium phosphate
f. Aluminum phosphate (AlPO₄)

b. Monobasic + Dibasic potassium phosphate

Also known as dibasic potassium phosphate.

a. Potassium biphosphate
b. Monobasic + Dibasic potassium phosphate
c. Dipotassium phosphate (K₂HPO₄)
d. Tripotassium phosphate (K₃PO₄)

b. Monobasic + Dibasic potassium phosphate

Also known as potassium biphosphate.

a. Dibasic potassium phosphate (K₂HPO₄)
b. Monobasic + Dibasic potassium phosphate
c. Tripotassium phosphate (K₃PO₄)
d. Potassium metaphosphate (KPO₃)

b. Monobasic + Dibasic potassium phosphate

Treatment for hypercalcemia

a. Dibasic potassium phosphate (K₂HPO₄)
b. Monobasic + Dibasic potassium phosphate
c. Tripotassium phosphate (K₃PO₄)
d. Potassium metaphosphate (KPO₃)

b. Monobasic + Dibasic potassium phosphate

• Urinary acidifier

• Treatment for nephrolithiasis or calcific kidney stones

a. Dibasic potassium phosphate (K₂HPO₄)
b. Monobasic + Dibasic potassium phosphate
c. Tripotassium phosphate (K₃PO₄)
d. Potassium metaphosphate (KPO₃)

b. Monobasic + Dibasic potassium phosphate

Decrease free Ca excretion in urine thus decrease stone formation

a. Dibasic potassium phosphate (K₂HPO₄)
b. Monobasic + Dibasic potassium phosphate
c. Tripotassium phosphate (K₃PO₄)
d. Potassium metaphosphate (KPO₃)

b. Monobasic + Dibasic potassium phosphate

Free pyrophosphate ion (Ca chelator) which favor kidney stone dissolution, complex excreted in urine
a. Dibasic potassium phosphate (K₂HPO₄)
b. Monobasic + Dibasic potassium phosphate
c. Tripotassium phosphate (K₃PO₄)
d. Potassium metaphosphate (KPO₃)

b. Monobasic + Dibasic potassium phosphate

Causes diarrhea as side effect

a. Dibasic potassium phosphate (K₂HPO₄)
b. Monobasic + Dibasic potassium phosphate
c. Tripotassium phosphate (K₃PO₄)
d. Potassium metaphosphate (KPO₃)

d. Calcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂)

Bone ash

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄)
b. Sodium polymetaphosphate
c. Monobasic potassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄)
d. Calcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂)
e. Dibasic calcium phosphate
f. Aluminum phosphate (AlPO₄)

d. Calcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂) / Bone Ash

______ major component of bone thus the product of cremation. It also antacid.

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄)
b. Sodium polymetaphosphate
c. Monobasic potassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄)
d. Calcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂)
e. Dibasic calcium phosphate
f. Aluminum phosphate (AlPO₄)

a. Antacid

Calcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂) / Bone Ash is an _____

a. Antacid
b. Laxative
c. Diuretic
d. Anticoagulant

e. Dibasic calcium phosphate

Ca2+ electrolyte replenisher recommended salt.

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄)
b. Sodium polymetaphosphate
c. Monobasic potassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄)
d. Calcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂)
e. Dibasic calcium phosphate
f. Aluminum phosphate (AlPO₄)

f. Aluminum phosphate (AlPO₄)

Phosphagel®

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄)
b. Sodium polymetaphosphate
c. Monobasic potassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄)
d. Calcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂)
e. Dibasic calcium phosphate
f. Aluminum phosphate (AlPO₄)

f. Aluminum phosphate (AlPO₄)

Antacid that doesn't interfere with PO4 absorption unlike Al(OH).

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄)
b. Sodium polymetaphosphate
c. Monobasic potassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄)
d. Calcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂)
e. Dibasic calcium phosphate
f. Aluminum phosphate (AlPO₄)

f. Aluminum phosphate (AlPO₄)

Demulcent (forms soothing protective film on mucous membrane)

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄)
b. Sodium polymetaphosphate
c. Monobasic potassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄)
d. Calcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂)
e. Dibasic calcium phosphate
f. Aluminum phosphate (AlPO₄)

a. Antacid and Demulcent

Aluminum phosphate (AlPO₄) is used as:

a. Antacid and Demulcent
b. Laxative and Cathartic
c. Antiseptic and Disinfectant
d. Antidote and Emetic

b. Decreases

As Al increases, P _____.

a. Increases

b. Decreases

c. Stays unaffected

a. Orthoboric acid, H3BO3

Also known as Boracic acid

a. Orthoboric acid (H₃BO₃)
b. Sodium tetraborate (Na₂B₄O₇)
c. Sodium perborate (NaBO₃)

a. Orthoboric acid, H3BO3 / Boracic acid

Sal sedativum hombergi

a. Orthoboric acid (H₃BO₃)
b. Sodium tetraborate (Na₂B₄O₇)
c. Sodium perborate (NaBO₃)

a. Orthoboric acid, H3BO3 / Boracic acid

Acid that is solid at room temperature

a. Orthoboric acid (H₃BO₃)
b. Sodium tetraborate (Na₂B₄O₇)
c. Sodium perborate (NaBO₃)

a. Orthoboric acid, H3BO3 / Boracic acid

Tonicity adjusting agent and Buffer

a. Orthoboric acid (H₃BO₃)
b. Sodium tetraborate (Na₂B₄O₇)
c. Sodium perborate (NaBO₃)

a. Orthoboric acid, H3BO3 / Boracic acid

Used as ophthalmic solution in 2% concentration.

a. Orthoboric acid (H₃BO₃)
b. Sodium tetraborate (Na₂B₄O₇)
c. Sodium perborate (NaBO₃)

c. 2%

Orthoboric acid (H₃BO₃) / Boracic acid is used as an ophthalmic solution in ______ concentration.

a. 0.5%
b. 1%
c. 2%
d. 4%

a. Boromycin

1st natural product with Boron.

a. Boromycin
b. Boric acid
c. Borax
d. Sodium perborate

a. Boromycin

From S. antibioticus

a. Boromycin
b. Boric acid
c. Borax
d. Sodium perborate

a. Streptomyces antibioticus

Boromycin is from _____

a. Streptomyces antibioticus
b. Penicillium notatum
c. Bacillus subtilis
d. Aspergillus niger

a. Boromycin

Anti-HIV in vitro
a. Boromycin
b. Boric acid
c. Borax
d. Sodium perborate

a. Sodium tetraborate (Na₂B₄O₇)

Used as alkalanizing agent

a. Sodium tetraborate (Na₂B₄O₇)
b. Sodium perborate (NaBO₃)
c. Orthoboric acid (H₃BO₃)
d. Boromycin

a. Sodium tetraborate (Na₂B₄O₇)

Also known as Borax
a. Sodium tetraborate (Na₂B₄O₇)
b. Sodium perborate (NaBO₃)
c. Orthoboric acid (H₃BO₃)
d. Boromycin

a. Eyewash, buffer, water softener

Sodium tetraborate (Na₂B₄O₇) / Borax is used externally as _____

a. Eyewash, buffer, water softener
b. Antiseptic, disinfectant, preservative
c. Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener
d. Antidote, emetic, cathartic

a. Na borate, Na bicarbonate, phenol, and glycerol

Dobell's Solution contains _________ in aqueous solution.

a. Na borate, Na bicarbonate, phenol, and glycerol
b. Na borate, Na chloride, thymol, and alcohol
c. Na bicarbonate, Na chloride, menthol, and water
d. Na borate, Na carbonate, resorcinol, and propylene glycol

c. Both a and b

• ENT antiseptic wash / astringent

• Wet dressing for wounds

Dobell's Solution is used as _____

a. ENT antiseptic wash
b. Wet dressing for wounds
c. Both a and b

b. Sodium perborate (NaBO₃)

Oxidant that is used as a mild disinfectant and deodoarant

a. Sodium tetraborate (Na₂B₄O₇)
b. Sodium perborate (NaBO₃)
c. Orthoboric acid (H₃BO₃)
d. Boromycin

a. Borate buffer system

External buffer (NP) used for ophthalmic and nasal preparations.

a. Phosphate buffer system
b. Borate buffer system
c. Citrate buffer system
d. Acetate buffer system

b. Borate buffer system

Used for ophthalmic and nasal preparations.

a. Phosphate buffer system
b. Borate buffer system
c. Citrate buffer system
d. Acetate buffer system

a. Borate buffer system

Can be used for metal containing preparation.

a. Borate buffer system

b. Phosphate buffer system

c. Both

d. None

a. Feldman’s Buffer

Boric Acid + Na borate + NaCl

a. Feldman’s Buffer

b. Gifford’s Buffer

c. Atkin’s and Pentin Buffer

b. Gifford’s Buffer

Boric Acid + Na borate + KCl

a. Feldman’s Buffer

b. Gifford’s Buffer

c. Atkin’s and Pentin Buffer

c. Atkin’s and Pentin Buffer

Boric Acid + Na2CO3 + NaCl

a. Feldman’s Buffer

b. Gifford’s Buffer

c. Atkin’s and Pentin Buffer

b. pH 7-8.2

Feldman's buffer solution contains Boric Acid, Na borate, and NaCl with a pH range of _____

a. pH 6-7.8
b. pH 7-8.2
c. pH 7.6-11
d. pH 7.35-7.45

a. pH 6-7.8

Gifford's buffer solution contains Boric Acid, Na borate, and KCl with a pH range of _____

a. pH 6-7.8
b. pH 7-8.2
c. pH 7.6-11
d. pH 7.35-7.45

c. pH 7.6-11

Atkin's and Pentin buffer solution contains Boric Acid, Na₂CO₃, and NaCl with a pH range of _____

a. pH 6-7.8
b. pH 7-8.2
c. pH 7.6-11
d. pH 7.35-7.45

b. Isotonic

Feldman's buffer solution is characterized as _____

a. Hypotonic
b. Isotonic
c. Hypertonic
d. Colloidal

c. Hypotonic

Gifford's buffer solution is characterized as _____

a. Isotonic
b. Hypertonic
c. Hypotonic
d. Saturated

c. pH 7.35-7.45

Normal pH of blood / body fluids.

a. pH 6.0-7.0
b. pH 7.0-7.35
c. pH 7.35-7.45
d. pH 7.45-8.0

c. Phosphate buffer system

Physiologic buffer

a. Borate buffer system
b. Citrate buffer system
c. Phosphate buffer system
d. Acetate buffer system

c. Phosphate buffer system

Used for parenteral preparations containing mono and dihydrogen phosphate.

a. Borate buffer system
b. Citrate buffer system
c. Phosphate buffer system
d. Acetate buffer system

b. Phosphate buffer system

Supports microbial growth and precipitate metal ions such as Al, Ag, Zn.

a. Borate buffer system

b. Phosphate buffer system

c. Both

d. None

b. Al, Ag, Zn

Phosphate buffer system supports microbial growth and forms precipitant with ______ metal ions?

a. Na, K, Ca
b. Al, Ag, Zn
c. Fe, Cu, Mg
d. Hg, Pb, As

a. pH 5-9.8

Sorensen's buffer system has a pH range of _____

a. pH 5-9.8
b. pH 6-7.8
c. pH 7-8.2
d. pH 7.6-11

d. Sorensen's - the rest are borate buffer system.

Which is a phosphate buffer system?

a. Feldman's

b. Gifford's

c. Atkin's and Pentin

d. Sorensen's