Lab 10: Gross Anatomy of Muscular System

Gross anatomy flashcards covering muscle names, origins, insertions, and actions according to the Lab 10 video transcript.

Origin

The end of a muscle that is fixed in position, also known as the 'fixed end'.

Insertion

The end of a muscle that moves during a contraction, also known as the 'free end'.

Epicranius

Origin: Epicranial aponeurosis; Insertion: Skin of eyebrows; Action: Raises eyebrows.

Orbicularis oculi

Origin: Maxillary bone; Insertion: Tissue of eyelid; Action: Blinking.

Zygomaticus

Origin: Zygomatic bone; Insertion: Skin/muscle at corner of mouth; Action: Smiles.

Orbicularis oris

Origin: Maxilla, Mandible; Insertion: Skin/muscle at angles of mouth; Action: Closes lips.

Masseter

Origin: Zygomatic bone; Insertion: Mandible; Action: Closes jaw.

Temporalis

Origin: Temporal bone; Insertion: Mandible; Action: Closes jaw.

Stenocleidomastoid

Origin: Sternum; Insertion: Temporal bone; Action: Head rotation.

Epicranial Aponeurosis

A tendon found in the head and neck area.

Pectoralis major

Origin: Clavicle, sternum; Insertion: Humerus; Action: Flexion of arm.

Deltoid

Origin: Clavicle, scapula; Insertion: Humerus; Action: Abduction of arm.

Intercostals (internal/external)

Origin: Ribs; Insertion: Ribs; Action: Breathing.

Rectus abdominis

Origin: Os coxa; Insertion: Sternum; Action: Sit-ups.

External oblique

Origin: Ribs; Insertion: Linea alba; Action: Trunk rotation.

Internal oblique

Origin: Os coxa; Insertion: Linea alba; Action: Trunk rotation.

Abdominal Aponeurosis

A tendon found in the trunk/shoulders area.

Linea alba

A tendon found in the trunk/shoulders area that serves as an insertion point for the abdominal muscles.

Diaphragm

Origin: Rib, sternum; Insertion: Central tendon; Action: Inspiration (flattens on contraction).

Transverse abdominis

Origin: Os coxa; Insertion: Linea alba; Action: Compresses abdominal contents.

Trapezius

Origin: Occipital bone; Insertion: Scapula; Action: Shrug shoulders.

Latissimus dorsi

Origin: Vertebral bones; Insertion: Humerus; Action: Adduction of arm.

Triceps brachii

Origin: Scapula; Insertion: Ulna; Action: Extension of forearm.

Biceps brachii

Origin: Scapula; Insertion: Radius; Action: Flexion of forearm.

Palmaris longus

Origin: Humerus; Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis; Action: Flexes hand.

Extensor digitorum

Origin: Humerus; Insertion: Phalanges (fingers); Action: Extension of fingers.

Palmar Aponeurosis

A tendon found in the arms/hands area that serves as the insertion for the palmaris longus.

Gluteus maximus

Origin: Sacrum; Insertion: Femur; Action: Extends thigh.

Rectus femoris

Origin: Os coxa; Insertion: Tibia; Action: Extends leg.

Vastus lateralis

Origin: Femur; Insertion: Tibia; Action: Extends leg.

Vastus medialis

Origin: Femur; Insertion: Tibia; Action: Extends leg.

Sartorius

Origin: Os coxa; Insertion: Tibia; Action: Abducts thigh.

Adductor longus

Origin: Os coxa; Insertion: Femur; Action: Adducts thigh.

Gracilis

Origin: Os coxa; Insertion: Tibia; Action: Adducts thigh.

Biceps femoris

Origin: Os coxa; Insertion: Tibia; Action: Flexes leg.

Semitendinosus

Origin: Os coxa; Insertion: Tibia; Action: Flexes leg.

Semimembranosus

Origin: Os coxa; Insertion: Tibia; Action: Flexes leg.

Tibialis anterior

Origin: Tibia; Insertion: Metarsal I; Action: Dorsiflexion.

Gastrocnemius

Origin: Femur; Insertion: Calcaneus; Action: Plantar flexion.

Soleus

Origin: Tibia; Insertion: Calcaneus; Action: Plantar flexion.

Extensor digitorum longus

Origin: Tibia; Insertion: Phalanges (toes); Action: Extends toes.

Calcaneal (Achilles) tendon

A tendon found in the lower leg and feet area.

Plantar Aponeurosis

A tendon found in the lower leg and feet area.