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20 Terms
1
Engel v Vitale
Court ruled in favor of Engel, finding that the school prayer violated the Establishment Clause by promoting religion, despite being optional.
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2
Establishment Clause
The clause in the First Amendment that prohibits Congress from making laws respecting an establishment of religion.
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3
Wisconsin v Yoder
Supreme Court case where Yoder won, stating that the state's requirement for schooling violated the Amish family's First Amendment free exercise rights.
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4
Schenck v US
Supreme Court case where Schenck's conviction for resisting the military draft was upheld, ruling that his First Amendment rights were not violated.
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5
Tinker v Des Moines
The Court ruled in favor of the Tinkers, stating that students have a right to symbolic speech as long as it does not disrupt the educational process.
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6
New York Times v US
Supreme Court case that determined Nixon's prior restraint against the NYT was unconstitutional, upholding freedom of the press.
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7
McDonald v Chicago
The Court ruled that Chicago's gun laws violated the Second Amendment, reinforcing the right to bear arms.
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8
Gideon v Wainwright
The Supreme Court ruled that the Sixth Amendment guarantees a right to counsel, ordering states to provide lawyers to defendants who cannot afford one.
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9
Civil Liberties
Individual rights protected by law from governmental interference, outlined in the Bill of Rights.
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10
Due Process
A legal requirement that the state must respect all legal rights owed to a person, rooted in the 5th and 14th amendments.
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11
First Amendment
Protects the freedoms of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.
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12
Second Amendment
Protects the right of individuals to keep and bear arms.
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13
Fourth Amendment
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures.
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14
Fifth Amendment
Addresses the rights of individuals accused of crimes and the concept of due process.
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15
Sixth Amendment
Guarantees the right to a fair trial and provides rights to the accused.
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16
Seventh Amendment
Guarantees the right to a jury trial in civil cases.
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17
Eighth Amendment
Prohibits cruel and unusual punishment and excessive bail.
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18
Ninth Amendment
States that the enumeration of certain rights in the Constitution does not deny or disparage others retained by the people.
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19
Tenth Amendment
Any powers not granted to the federal government are reserved for the states.
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20
Fourteenth Amendment
Includes the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses, ensuring equal rights and protections under the law.
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