AP Chemistry unit 1 atomic structure and properties

Molar Mass

The mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol).

Avogadro's Number (NA)

The number of representative particles in one mole of a substance, approximately 6.022 x 10^23.

Representative Particles

The basic units of a substance, which can be atoms, molecules, or formula units depending on the substance's type.

Element (in terms of representative particles)

consists of single atoms as representative particles.

Diatomic Elements

Elements that naturally occur as molecules composed of two atoms, such as H, O, N, Cl, Br, I, and F.

Ionic Compounds

Compounds formed from the electrostatic attraction between cations and anions, represented by formula units.

Covalent Bonds

Bonds formed when two nonmetals share electrons, resulting in the formation of molecules.

Single Bond

A covalent bond involving the sharing of two electrons.

Double Bond

A covalent bond involving the sharing of four electrons.

Triple Bond

A covalent bond involving the sharing of six electrons.

Hydrogen in Lewis Diagrams

Hydrogen is never a central atom in Lewis diagrams.

Grams to Representative Particles Formula

(mass X 6.022 x 10^23) / molar mass.

Which of the following would have the longest C-C bond?

A. C2H6 and D. C3H8 are the correct answers.