AP Euro Ch. 16 Quiz

Literacy rates were lowest in ________.

A. France

B. Scandinavia

C. the Netherlands

D. Italy

D

The Petit Journal is an example of

________.

A. pulp fiction

B. a socialist newspaper

C. a right-leaning newspaper

D. a mass-circulation newspaper

D

Which of the following became a major

factor in the emerging mass politics?

A. political cartoons

B. letters to the editor

C. front-page editorials

D. transcripts of political speeches

C

By the start of World War I, most major

nations of Europe ________.

A. began providing free public education for

the masses

B. provided free elementary and secondary

education for the masses

C. began providing free university education

for the masses

D. provided free elementary, secondary, and

university education for the masses

A

Auguste Comte developed the theory of

________.

A. positivism

B. the science of survival

C. evolutionary ethics

D. relativity

A

The man generally accepted as the father of

popular science fiction was ________.

A. H. G. Wells

B. Jules Verne

C. Jonathan Swift

D. Sir Thomas More

B

Who believed that the struggle in nature

demonstrated how human beings should not

behave?

A. Charles Darwin

B. Thomas Henry Huxley

C. Herbert Spencer

D. Julius Wellhausen

B

Darwin's Descent of Man ________.

A. contended that neither the origin of humans

nor human character required the existence

of a god

B. was a confirmation that human origins

derived from an omniscient god

C. gave scientific support to the notion that

biology was the basis of social success

D. gave scientific support to the notion that

Europeans were biologically superior to

other humans

A

Who believed that struggle against one's

fellow human beings was an ethical

imperative?

A. Julius Wellhausen

B. Sigmund Freud

C. Charles Darwin

D. Herbert Spencer

D

Who contended that the story of Jesus was a

myth?

A. David Friedrich Strauss

B. William Robertson Smith

C. Ernst Renan

D. Julius Wellhausen

A

Friedrich Nietzsche portrayed Christianity as

a religion that ________.

A. glorified the strength that life required

B. glorified human weaknesses

C. demanded heroic living

D. superseded in glory the demands of war

B

In France, the French Catholic Church and

the Third French Republic ________.

A. agreed to replace religious instruction with

civic training

B. were formally separated in 1905

C. worked together to improve the education

system

D. were, essentially, one institution

B

Otto von Bismarck's Kulturkampf

________.

A. was a success

B. was a failure

C. resulted in the release of many bishops from

government imprisonment

D. paved the path for clergy to transition into a

secular life

B

The doctrine of papal infallibility was first

formally promulgated in ________.

A. 1325

B. 1489

C. 1789

D. 1870

D

Max Weber believed that ________.

A. the emergence of rationalism was the major

development in human history

B. bureaucratization led to the destruction of

modern society

C. only economic factors could account for

major developments in human history

D. human history reached a high point in the

Middle Ages

A

In his Essay on the Inequality of the Human

Races, Count Arthur de Gobineau

________.

A. portrayed Western troubles as springing

from racial mixing

B. claimed Western troubles were the result of

resistance to intermarriage

C. railed against the racism that had long

existed in European culture

D. blamed the black race for what he called

"contrary discrimination"

A

Theodor Herzl ________.

A. believed that liberal politics could protect

Jews in Europe

B. called for a separate Jewish state in which

Jewish rights and liberties would be

protected

C. called for reforms to benefit Jews living in

ghettos

D. believed that Jews did not deserve an

assurance of rights and liberties without

initiating a move toward a new Jewish state

B

The first genuinely realistic novel is

considered to be ________.

A. A Doll's House

B. Madame Bovary

C. Mrs. Warren's Profession

D. Mrs. Dalloway

B

What was the first important work by the

philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche?

A. The Will to Power

B. Beyond Good and Evil

C. The Birth of Tragedy

D. The Genealogy of Morals

C

In London, what group excluded women

from its ranks, claiming that discussion of

primitive people was an unfit subject for

females?

A. the Ethnological Society

B. the Geological Society

C. the Society of Ethnological Enlightenment

D. the League for Social Order

A

What type of view of women emerged in

late-nineteenth- century fiction and art,

inspired largely by pseudo-science?

A. a worshipful view

B. a misogynistic view

C. a liberal view

D. a scientific view

B

T. H. Huxley claimed to have found

________.

A. scientific proof of female superiority

B. scientific proof of female inferiority

C. scientific proof of equality between men and

women

D. biological evidence of original sin

B

Late-Victorian anthropologists drew a

parallel between women and ________

A. children

B. nonwhite races

C. unlearned men

D. animals

B

Most social scientists of the late nineteenth

and early twentieth century ________.

A. reinforced traditional gender roles

B. supported wider sexual freedoms for women

C. embraced some, but not all, feminist ideas

about gender roles

D. began to take a more liberal view of

marriage, family, and child rearing

A

The Swedish writer Ellen Key believed that

________.

A. the government should financially support

mothers and their children

B. children should be raised in state-supported

communes

C. the government should assume physical

custody and financial support of the children

of unmarried mothers

D. mothers and fathers had equal financial

responsibility for their children

A

Liberals and conservatives recognized that

________.

A. minimal education was needed to help keep

new voters in check

B. extensive education was needed for orderly

political behavior of new voters

C. literacy would jeopardize the productivity of

the work force

D. education leading to better jobs and political

influence was within reach of the masses

A

Mass-circulation newspapers, when first

introduced, were characterized by

________.

A. a high quality level

B. a focus on straight news stories

C. stories about sensational crimes and political

scandals

D. an emphasis on weather and commodities

prices

C

Which of the following most helped the

school-teaching profession grow?

A. university-educated schoolteachers

B. higher-paid teachers

C. more male schoolteachers

D. state-sponsored education

D

Many of the books and journals of the late

nineteenth century were mediocre because

________.

A. many new readers were only marginally

literate

B. many authors were only marginally

proficient

C. reading tastes changed frequently

D. publishing companies lacked adequate

financing

A

Which of the following statements about

evolution is true?

A. Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace

explained how changes in species occur.

B. Charles Darwin originated the concept of

evolution.

C. Alfred Russel Wallace drew on Darwin's

work

D. Charles Darwin drew on the works of

Wallace

A

Auguste Comte's works were influential

because they ________.

A. helped convince learned Europeans that all

knowledge must resemble scientific

knowledge

B. were the first works to provide evidence that

nature evolved independently of a

supernatural force

C. challenged Darwin's theory of natural

selection

D. provided scientific evidence disputing the

biblical story of Creation

A

Herbert Spencer and Thomas Huxley were

similar in ________.

A. writing responses to Darwin's work

B. criticizing the institutions but not the

teachings of the organized churches

C. both originating theories concerning the

mechanism of evolution

D. arguing against Social Darwinism

A

By midcentury, science had a strong

foothold in ________.

A. state-funded elementary schools

B. church schools

C. state-funded elementary schools and church

schools

D. French and German universities

D

From midcentury on, writers used science to

question ________.

A. ethics

B. history

C. religion

D. philosophy

C

Which of the following modern-day

practices would the Social Darwinists of the

nineteenth century be most likely to

support?

A. UN peacekeeping troops in war-torn

countries

B. welfare states

C. universal health care

D. price wars between competitors

D

The salafiyya movement believed

________.

A. Arabs should modernize themselves on the

basis of a modified version of Islam

B. the Arab world should imitate the West

C. there was no inherent contradiction between

science and Islam

D. the West and modern thought were

incompatible with Islam

C

The factor that caused the greatest loss of

faith in Christianity among literate

Europeans was ________.

A. doubt about the historical validity of the

Bible

B. doubt about the morality of Christianity

C. Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection

D. doubt about the scientific validity of

Creationism

A

Scholars in Germany, France, and Britain

claimed that humans had written and revised

the books of the Bible to ________.

A. accommodate problems in Jewish society

and politics

B. reflect Christian social and political mores

C. incorporate scientific knowledge as it

became known

D. make it more credible to contemporary

readers

A

Skeptics who questioned the morality of

Christianity cited ________.

A. the cruelty and unpredictability of the Old

Testament God

B. its intolerance against people of other faiths

C. the irrationality of the New Testament God

D. its lack of equality between men and women

A

Christian missionaries in Muslim lands were

most successful in ________.

A. converting Muslims to Christianity

B. helping to abolish slavery

C. educating young Arabs in science and

medicine

D. promoting more tolerant views of nonwhites

C

The primary reason churches opposed state-

financed schools was they feared ________.

A. future generations educated in state-financed

schools would lack religious training

B. losing students to state-financed schools

would result in their demise

C. states would require them to improve their

educational standards

D. states would limit the churches' power to

control all aspects of the schools' operation

A

The Manet painting A Bar at the Folies-

Bergère shows how ________.

A. different social classes did not mix socially

in modern urban life

B. the middle classes enjoyed a life of leisure

C. the working class was excluded from most

urban leisure activities

D. leisure activities in modern urban life

allowed people from different classes to mix

D

What field of science most influenced racial

thinking at the end of the nineteenth

century?

A. physics

B. biology

C. evolution

D. medicine

B

Modernists were driven by ________.

A. admiration for middle-class society and

morality

B. a concern for the aesthetic

C. a deep concern with social issues

D. a respect for the values of their predecessors

B

The Contagious Diseases Acts in England

were designed to ________.

A. reduce disease in British slums

B. wipe out diseases such as cholera, which

affected all of society

C. protect men from contracting diseases from

prostitutes

D. impose harsh penalties on military men who

spread venereal disease

C

Which of the following groups or

institutions was the primary forum for feminist writers to advance their ideas at the turn of the century?

A. churches

B. socialist groups

C. literary networks

D. universities

C

What did Charles Darwin, Sigmund Freud,

Karl Vogt, and T. H. Huxley have in

common?

A. They claimed that science showed women

were inferior to men.

B. They used science to examine the role of

humans as a part of nature.

C. They used science to explore the inner

worlds of humans.

D. They claimed that science proved some

races were superior to others.

A

Which of these women's domestic roles was

emphasized by most male intellectuals of the

late 1800s?

A. educational

B. housekeeping

C. reproductive

D. service

C

What argument did critics of the Contagious

Diseases Acts use to justify their demands

for their repeal?

A. If it weren't for male customers, there'd be

no prostitutes.

B. Only prostitutes, not their customers, were

targeted by the law.

C. Prostitution provides a benefit to society.

D. Both men and women should be subject to

random medical examinations.

B

In A Room of One's Own, Virginia Woolf

concluded that ________.

A. both male and female writers should be able

to think as both men and women

B. female writers should imitate male writers

C. male writers were superior to female writers

D. female writers should bring their feminine

traits to their writing

A

Which of these regions of Europe had lower

literacy rates in the late 1800s?

A. western and northern

B. southern and eastern

C. northern and eastern

D. southern and western

B

Uniformitarianism—developed by Charles

Lyell—is based on the idea of natural laws

that __________.

A. are immutable

B. change over time

C. cannot be determined

D. change too rapidly to be formulated

A

Max Weber and Ernest Renan approached

Islam as a _________.

A. historical phenomenon

B. spiritual development

C. religion equal to Christianity

D. phenomenon caused by Christian crusaders

A

Sigmund Freud was unusual in paying close

attention to _________.

A. dreams

B. religion

C. mental states

D. psychoses

A

In A Room of One's Own, the "room" of the

title symbolized _________.

A. a place for creative expression

B. financial independence

C. a university education

D. the life of single women

A