health and social component 3

Health

The state of physical and mental well being

Well-being

How people feel about themselves and their life.

Physical health

The condition of the body and how well it functions.

Emotional health

How a person feels and deals with emotions.

Social health

The ability to form and maintain relationships.

Genetics

Inherited traits from parents that can affect health.

Heredity

The passing of traits from parents to offspring.

Lifestyle choices

Decisions people make that affect their health (e.g.

Balanced diet

A diet that contains the right proportions of nutrients.

Obesity

Excess body fat that may impair health.

BMI

Body Mass Index - a measure of body fat based on height and weight.

Malnutrition

Not getting the right amount of nutrients from food.

Exercise

Physical activity to maintain or improve health.

Sedentary lifestyle

A lifestyle with little or no physical activity.

Smoking

A risk factor linked to lung disease and cancer.

Alcohol

A substance that can cause liver damage and addiction.

Drug misuse

Using drugs in a way that harms health.

Stress

A state of mental or emotional strain.

Mental health

A person’s emotional and psychological well-being.

Anxiety

A feeling of worry or unease that may affect daily life.

Depression

A mental health condition with persistent sadness.

Self-esteem

How a person values and feels about themselves.

Peer pressure

Influence from others of the same age.

Income

The money a person receives.

Poverty

The state of having little or no money or resources.

Housing

The condition and type of accommodation someone lives in.

Pollution

The presence of harmful substances in the environment.

Access to health services

Being able to use medical and care services.

Barriers to services

Things that prevent people from accessing care (e.g.

Primary care

First point of contact in healthcare (e.g.

Secondary care

Specialist treatment usually after referral.

Tertiary care

Highly specialised medical care.

Public health

The health of the population as a whole.

NHS

The National Health Service providing care in the UK.

Health screening

Testing for disease in people without symptoms.

Immunisation

Protection against disease using vaccines.

Vaccination

A method of preventing disease by using a vaccine.

Allergy

A reaction by the immune system to a substance.

Asthma

A condition causing breathing difficulties.

Diabetes

A condition where the body cannot regulate blood sugar.

Type 1 diabetes

A condition where the body does not produce insulin.

Type 2 diabetes

A condition where the body becomes resistant to insulin.

Hypertension

High blood pressure.

Stroke

A condition where blood flow to the brain is interrupted.

Heart disease

A condition affecting the heart's function.

Coronary artery disease

A narrowing of blood vessels supplying the heart.

Cancer

A disease where abnormal cells divide uncontrollably.

Lung cancer

A type of cancer often linked to smoking.

Breast cancer

A common cancer in women.

Prostate cancer

A common cancer in men.

Leukaemia

Cancer of the blood-forming tissues.

Arthritis

A condition causing joint inflammation and pain.

Osteoporosis

A condition where bones become weak and fragile.

Dementia

A condition causing memory loss and confusion.

Alzheimer’s disease

A form of dementia affecting memory and thinking.

Learning disability

A reduced intellectual ability affecting daily life.

Autism

A developmental condition affecting communication and behavior.

Down’s syndrome

A genetic disorder causing learning difficulties.

Hearing impairment

Partial or total hearing loss.

Visual impairment

Partial or total loss of sight.

Speech disorder

Difficulty in producing or understanding speech.

Mobility impairment

Problems with movement or physical function.

Sensory needs

Support required for hearing or visual impairments.

Care plan

A document outlining the support a person needs.

Care values

Principles that guide professionals in health and social care.

Empowerment

Helping people take control of their care.

Dignity

Respecting a person's self-worth and privacy.

Respect

Valuing a person’s rights and beliefs.

Confidentiality

Keeping personal information private.

Safeguarding

Protecting vulnerable people from harm.

Advocacy

Supporting people to express their views and wishes.

Discrimination

Unfair treatment based on differences.

Equality

Treating people fairly according to their needs.

Diversity

Recognising and respecting differences.

Inclusion

Ensuring people are involved and not excluded.

Holistic care

Treating the whole person

Acute illness

A short-term condition like a cold or flu.

Chronic illness

A long-term condition like asthma or diabetes.

Infectious disease

A disease that can be spread to others.

Non-communicable disease

A disease that cannot be passed between people.

Health promotion

Encouraging people to improve their health.

Eatwell Guide

A UK guide to healthy eating.

Five-a-day

Eating at least 5 portions of fruit and veg daily.

Sleep hygiene

Practices that help improve sleep quality.

Personal hygiene

Daily habits to maintain cleanliness and health.

Emotional resilience

The ability to cope with stress and challenges.

Support network

People who help an individual cope.

GP (General Practitioner)

A doctor providing primary care.

Nurse

A trained professional providing health care.

Care worker

A person who supports individuals with daily tasks.

Social worker

A professional who helps with social care needs.

Occupational therapist

A professional who helps people regain independence.

Physiotherapist

A professional who helps people recover mobility.

Psychologist

A mental health professional who supports emotional well-being.

Counsellor

A trained listener who helps people with problems.

Dietitian

A professional who advises on diet and nutrition.

Midwife

A healthcare worker who supports pregnancy and childbirth.

Health visitor

A nurse who supports families with young children.