Energy Transfer Ch 5

Energy

The capacity to do work

Total energy of a system =

potential energy + kinetic energy

potential energy

relates to structure or position

kinetic energy

relates to energy of motion with the release of heat

First Law of Thermodynamics

energy can neither be created or destroyed but transformed

as biological work increases,

energy transfer increases

bioenergetics

flow and energy exchange within a living system

endergonic

anabolic

exergonic

catabolic

endergonic w/ energy?

stores energy

exergonic w/ energy?

releases energy

work =

force x distance

work is

power

exergonic process

macronutrient stored energy transfers in the form of ATP

coenzymes

nonprotein organic substances that facilitate enzyme action by binding a substrate to its specific enzyme

enzyme turns on when _

substrate bunds to active site (lock and key)

competitive inhibition

substances can bind to enzyme’s active site to prevent enzyme activation

example of competitive inhibition

sucrose vs maltose

noncompetitive enzyme inhibitors

binds to enzyme at another site, changes enzyme structure, and has ability to catalyze the reaction

Oxidation

electron lossr

reduction

electron gain

increase in anaerobic =

increase in pH

Oxygen

final electron acceptor in aerobic cellular respiration