Biomolecules

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The 4 biomolecules that make up living things are _______________.

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1

The 4 biomolecules that make up living things are _______________.

Carbohydrates

Proteins

Lipids

Nucleic Acids

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2

What is a monomer?

building blocks of polymers. Like a single LEGO

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3

What is a polymer?

long chain of monomers. Like a LEGO snake

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4

monomer of carbohydrates

monosaccharides

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5

polymer of carbohydrates

Disaccharides & Polysaccharide

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6

monomer of proteins

amino acids

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7

Polymer of proteins

polypeptide

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8

monomer of lipids

glycerol and fatty acids

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9

polymer of lipids

triglyceride

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10

Monomer of nucleic acids

nucleotides

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11

Polymer of nucleic acids

DNA and RNA

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12

function of carbohydrates

main source of short, quick energy, transport energy

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13

function of lipids

long term energy storage, insulation, make up cell membranes

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14

Function of nucleic acids

store genetic information

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15

Function of proteins

Gives structure to cells, act as enzymes by catalyzing chemical reactions, build structures, performs work in the body

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16

Biomolecules are composed mainly of the element __________.

Carbon

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17

Elements found in a carbohydrate molecule

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

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18

Elements found in a lipid molecules

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

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19

Elements found in a protein molecule

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur

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20

Elements found in a nucleic acid molecule

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus

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21

Function of enzymes

Catalyze (speed up) chemical reactions to put together or take apart polymers

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22

How can enzymes be denatured?

temperature (heat) and pH (acid)

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23

Nucleic Acid Structure

Long chain of nucleic acids, bounded by amino acids, connected to monosaccharides ; Spiraling sequence of 4 nucleotides

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24

Lipid Structure

Long, water hating carbon chains

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25

Protein Structure

Complex amino acid structures bound together, and binds with other molecules; Varied, numerous shapes

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26

Carbohydrate structure

Simple sugars, or simple sugars bonded together

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