Biomolecules

The 4 biomolecules that make up living things are _______________.

Carbohydrates

Proteins

Lipids

Nucleic Acids

What is a monomer?

building blocks of polymers. Like a single LEGO

What is a polymer?

long chain of monomers. Like a LEGO snake

monomer of carbohydrates

monosaccharides

polymer of carbohydrates

Disaccharides & Polysaccharide

monomer of proteins

amino acids

Polymer of proteins

polypeptide

monomer of lipids

glycerol and fatty acids

polymer of lipids

triglyceride

Monomer of nucleic acids

nucleotides

Polymer of nucleic acids

DNA and RNA

function of carbohydrates

main source of short, quick energy, transport energy

function of lipids

long term energy storage, insulation, make up cell membranes

Function of nucleic acids

store genetic information

Function of proteins

Gives structure to cells, act as enzymes by catalyzing chemical reactions, build structures, performs work in the body

Biomolecules are composed mainly of the element __________.

Carbon

Elements found in a carbohydrate molecule

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

Elements found in a lipid molecules

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

Elements found in a protein molecule

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur

Elements found in a nucleic acid molecule

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus

Function of enzymes

Catalyze (speed up) chemical reactions to put together or take apart polymers

How can enzymes be denatured?

temperature (heat) and pH (acid)

Nucleic Acid Shape/Structure

Long chain of nucleic acids, bounded by amino acids, connected to monosaccharides ; Spiraling sequence of 4 nucleotides

Lipid Shape/Structure

Long, water hating carbon chains

Protein Shape/Structure

Complex amino acid structures bound together, and binds with other molecules; Varied, numerous shapes

Carbohydrate Shape/Structure

Simple sugars, or simple sugars bonded together