Order Opistorchida and Strigeidida

Opisthorchiidae

family of fusiform flukes with small weak suckers

Dicrocoeliidae

Fluke family that get mistaken as Opisthorchiidae

anterior; posterior

Opisthorchiidae have their ovaries ____ to the testis; Dicrocoeliidae have theirs ______

Opisthorchiidae

in this family, the eggs must be ingested by snails before they hatch

fish

2nd IH of Opisthorchiidae

duodenum

where do the metacercariae of Opisthorchiidae excyst

liver

predilection site of opisthorchiidae after excysting in the duodenum

Clonorchis

most important genus of the family Opisthorchiidae

Opisthorchis, Metorchis, Parametorchis, Pseudamphistomum

other genera of Family Opisthorchiidae that are of lesser importance

Clonorchis sinensis

Chinese or Oriental Liver Fluke

Cyprinidae fishes (Carp)

2nd IH of Clonorchis sinensis

Operculated snails

1st IH of Clonorchis sinensis

Bithynia

example of genus of operculated snails which are the 1st IH of Clonorchis sinensis

bile&pancreatic ducts; small intestines

Clonorchis sinensis occurs in the _______ and sometimes _____ of humans and carnivores (dog, cat, mink)

cholangitis, pericholangitis, and cholecystitis

the spiny cuticle of Clonorchis sinensis can cause ____, ____, and ____.

praziquantel

TOC against Clonorchis sinensis

Opisthorchis felineus

cat liver fluke

carnivores, humans, pigs, & cetaceans

hosts of Opisthorchis felineus

Opisthorchis viverrini

southeast asian liver fluke

civet cats

host of Opisthorchis viverrini

Opisthorchis

genera that can cause thickening of the ducts, predisposing cholangiocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma

Praziquantel

TOC vs Opisthorchis

Metorchis albidus

occurs in the bile ducts and gall bladder of carnivores, seal, poultry, and human

freshwater snails

1st IH of Metorchis albidus

fish

2nd IH of Metorchis albidus

Blicca

example of fish genera that serves as the 2nd IH of Metorchis albidus

Metorchis conjunctus

fusiform flukes that occurs in the bile ducts and gallbladder of carnivores, mink, and raccoon

Catostomus

genera of fish that served as the second IH for Metorchis conjunctus

Brachylaemidae

family of flukes that only has minor vet importance

Brachylaemus

parasites of birds from the family of Brachylaemidae

Skrjabinotrema ovis

sheep parasites from Family Brachylaemidae

Postharmostomum suis

pig parasites from family Brachylaemidae

Heterophyidae

family of the parasites of the small intestines of fish-eating mammals and birds

freshwater snails

1st IH of Heterophyidae

fish or frogs

2nd IH of Heterophyidae

Heterophyes, Metagonimus, Crytocotyle, Apophallus

important genera from Family Heterophyidae

small intestines

predilection site of Heterophyidae

Heterophyes heterophyes

Heterophyidae species that occurs on the small intestines of dog, cat, fox, and human

Metagonimus yokogawai

Heterophyidae species that occurs on the small intestine on dog, cat, pig, and human

Apophallus muhlingi

Heterophyidae species that occurs on the small intestines of sea birds, dog, and cat

Cryptocotyle lingua

Heterophyidae species that occurs on the small intestines of sea birds, seal, dogs, and cats

Schistosomatidae, Diplostomatidae, Strigeidae

families under order Strigeidida

Schistosomatidae

family that are mainly parasites of the blood vessels of the alimentary tract and bladder (blood flukes)

Schistosomatidae

family where the smaller female attaches permanently to the male

Schistosomiasis

aka Swimmer’s itch, Rice paddy itch, Hunter’s itch, Clam digger’s itch, Cercarial dermatitis, Sea bather’s eruption, Lakeside disease

redia and metacercaria

phases the Schistosomatidae skips

Schistosomatidae

family that uses the skin/ingestion of contaminated water as its cercaria’s portal of entry

furcocercous

tail classification of schistosomatidae cercaria

systemic circulation (heart and lungs)

the young fluke from the Family Schistosomatidae will travel via the blood stream _______

portal veins

where do Schistosomatidae become sexually mature

mesenteric veins

predilection site of mature Schistosomatidae (blood fluke)

6—7wks

PPP of Schistosomatidae

Haematobium, Indicum, Mansoni, Japonicum

4 genera of blood flukes of vet importance

Schistosoma mansoni

one of the groups of Schistosoma found in Africa with a lateral spine on the egg

Schistosoma haematobium

One of the groups of Schistosoma found in Africa with a terminal spine on the egg

Schistosoma mansoni

ID the egg

Schistosoma haematobium

ID the egg

Schistosoma bovis, S. haematobium, S. mattheei, S. leiperi

species under Haematobium group

Schistosoma bovis

species from genera of Schistosoma under the Haematobium group that occurs in the portal, mesenteric & urogenital veins of ruminants and camel

Bulinus and Physopsis

Intermediate hosts of Schistosoma bovis (snails)

Schistosoma haematobium

species from genera of Schistosoma under the Haematobium group that occurs in the bladder veins and urethra of man and primates

Bulinus

Intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium (snails)

Schistosoma mattheei

species from genera of Schistosoma under the Haematobium group that occurs in the mesenteric veins of ruminants and primates

Physopsis

IH of Schistosoma mattheei (snails)

Schistosoma leiperi

species from genera of Schistosoma under the Haematobium group that occurs in the mesenteric veins of cattle and antelope

Bulinus

IH snail of Schistosoma leiperi

Schistosoma indicum, Schistosoma nasalis, Schistosoma spindale

3 spp under the Indicum group of Schistosoma

Schistosoma indicum

sp under Schistosoma under Indicum group that occurs in the portal, pancreatic, hepatic, and mesenteric veins of ruminants and large pseudo-ruminants

Indoplanorbis

IH of Schistosoma indicum

Schistosoma nasalis

sp of Schistosoma under Indicum group that occurs in the nasal mucosa veins of ruminants and large pseudo-ruminants

Lymnaea & Indoplanorbis

IHs of Schistosoma nasalis

Lymnaea, Planorbis, Indoplanorbis

IHs of Schistosoma spindale

Schistosoma mansoni

blood fluke occurring in the mesenteric veins of humans and primates

Biomphalaria

IH of Schistosoma mansoni

Schistosoma japonicum

blood fluke occurring in the portal and mesenteric veins of domestic mammals and humans

Oncomelania

IH of Schistosoma japonicum

Schistosoma incognitum

blood flukes occurring in the mesenteric veins of pigs and dogs

Radix

IH of Schistosoma incognitum

Bilharziella polonica

blood flukes that occurs in the mesenteric and pelvic veins of ducks

Planorbis

IH of Bilharziella polonica

hematuria

this happens when Schistosoma is present in the bladder

Nasal schistosomiasis

associated with cauliflower-like growths on the nasal mucosa

anthiomaline (nasal) or praziquantel

TOC of Schistosomia

Diplostomatidae

Family of flukes of mammals and birds with an ear-like projections anteriorly

snails, frogs

1st and 2nd IH of Diplostomatidae

cercaria

what stage in development do Diplostomatidae infect tadpoles and frogs

mesocercaria

the cercaria will develop into which stage in the muscles of tadpoles and frog?

frog, snake, mouse

paratenic hosts of Diplostomatidae

encyst

what happens to the mesocecaria inside the tadpole when the IH is eaten by the paratenic hosts (mouse, snake, frog)

metacercariae

what is the next stage of development of Diplostomatidae mesocercariae after migrating extensively inside the final host?

small intestines

predilection site of Diplostomatidae

Alaria alata

Diplostomatidae occurring in the small intestines of carnivores & rarely humans; humans—fatal, can be caused by consumption of inadequately cooked frog legs

Praziquantel or Niclosamide

TOC for Alaria alata

severe duodenitis

aside from pulmonary damage, what is the other disease Alaria alata can cause in dogs and cats

Streigidae

these flukes are characterized by a constriction dividing the body into an anterior flattened adhesive organ and a posterior cylindrical or oval part, which contains the reproductive system

anterior

in Streigidei, which region is the cup-shaped adhesive organ located?

The constricted flukes

other name (layman’s term) for Strigeidae

fresh water snails

first IH of Strigeidae

leeches or fish

second IH of Strigeidae

Apatemon, Cotylurus

genera of Strigeidae that occurs in the intestines of pigeons and ducks