Unit 1 AP Bio Biogeochemical Cycles

Litho(rock)sphere/Geosphere

Solid land from the surface to the core

Hydrosphere

all water including oceans, lakes, and ground water

Atmosphere

air and gasses surrounding earth

Biosphere

all living organisms

Nutrients are..

recyled

reservoir

an area where a nutrient is stored

carbon cycle: step 1

Photosynthetic organisms convert CO2 into sugar used by heterotrophs

carbon cycle: step 2

all organisms release carbon dioxide into atmosphere ( through resparation or fermentation)

carbon cycle: step 3

volcanoes and the combustion of fossil fuels contribute CO2 to the atmosphere

carbon cycle: human impact

burning of fossil fuels

examples of reservoirs

fossil fuels, soils/sediments, oceans, biomass, atmosphere, and sedimentary rocks

carbon cycle: abiotic reservoir

CO2 in the atmosphere

carbon cycle: biotic reservoir

living and dead organisms

Nitrogen Cycle: abiotic reservoir

nitrogen in atmosphere

Nitrogen cycle: biotic reservoir

nitrogen fixation by bacteria

Nitrogen cycle: recycle

decomposition and nitrifying bacteria

nitrogen cycle: human impact

run off from fertilizer(algae)

nitrogen cycle: step 1

nitrogen fixation

nitrogen cycle step 2:

assimilation

nitrogen cycle step 3:

ammonification

nitrogen cycle step 4

nitrification

nitrogen cycle step 5

denitrification

Phosphorous Cycle: abiotic reservoir

rocks, minerals, and soils

phosphorous cycle: enter food chain

erosion releases soluble phosphate that is taken up by plants

phosphorous cycle: recycle

decomposing bacteria and fungi

phosphorous cycle: return to abiotic

loss to ocean sediment

phosphorous cycle: human impact

run off in fertilizer

phosphorous cycle: step 1(slowest cycle)

run off and weathered down rocks/ minerals release phosphates into soil and water

phosphorous cycle: step 2

plants absorb phosphates and consumers eat them

phosphorous cycle: step 3

decomposition of plants/animals, releases phosphate and it settles as sediment

phosphorous cycle: step 4

over millions of years, sedimentary layers form new land/rocks

WATER CYCLE: abiotic reservoir

surface and atmospheric water

WATER CYCLE: recycled

transpiration

WATER CYCLE: return to abiotic

evaporation and run off

WATER CYCLE: human impact

pollution and deforestation

WATER CYCLE

evaporation, condensation, transpiration, precipitation