Philosophy Unit One

Philosophy

Philosophy means love of wisdom

Metaphysics

Theory of reality, critique or criticism of theories of reality

Epistemology

Theory of knowledge, the criticism of theories of knowledge

Morality

Criticism of right and wrong, theories of good and evil

Ethics

Application of theories to specific fields, objects, and actions

Aesthetics

Criticism of theories of beauty or art

Logic

Art of reasoning, informal, formal

Wisdom

Profound understanding of life's complexities, ethical reasoning, self-awareness, and ability to make judgments, the proper use of knowledge

Technical Sense of Philosophy

Rational and critical examination of the fundamental questions of existence

Experience

Means the 5 senses + ability to form ideas from the senses and anything we collect from them

Religion

Object of study: god, spiritual reality; Method of study: faith and commitment; Conclusions: faith based beliefs, beliefs justified by faith

Science

Object of study: observation, testable theories, physical reality, life; Method of study: research, observation and experimentation; Conclusions: laws, theories

Philosophy (Study)

Object of study: concept of everything; Method of study: reason and criticism; Conclusions: reason based beliefs (philosophic faith)

Rationalism

Reason is the basis of knowledge, there are innate ideas

Empiricism

Experience is the basis of knowledge, there are no innate ideas, mind is tabula rasa

Steps of Philosophy

Wonder, ask questions, providing answers

Types of Claims

The three ways we make claims and claim to know things are method of study, object of study, and conclusions

Charles Sanders

Uses Pragmatism

Puritism

A school of thought in American philosophy

Enlightenment

A school of thought in American philosophy

Transcendental

A school of thought in American philosophy

Pragmatism

A school of thought in American philosophy associated with William James, Allen Locke, John Dewey

Fundamental Questions of Philosophy

What is the meaning of life, What happens after we die, What is purpose of life, Why is there anything at all

Fields of Philosophy

fields are reality, knowledge, existence, ethics

American Philosophy

rational and critical examination of the fundamental fields of only American philosophy, just America, before America was established