Biology 191- DNA function & Replication

Phosphate Group

Is negatively Charged

Who discovered the structure if DNA

Rosland Franklin

What aspect of DNA structure allows it to carry the coded, (genetic) information?

Sequence of bases on each strand

How do cells make copies of their DNA in order to pass it from parent to offspring?

DNA Replication

Nitrogen bases in DNA

Nitrogen

DNA Replication

Makes more cells so each cell has its own DNA

New Cells are created for?

Organismal growth and wound repair

Components needed for DNA replication?

DNA template strand; DNA Nucleotides; Protein and Enzymes

How does DNA replication occur?

Two strands of parental DNA separate; Free nucleotides bind to the template strand; Enzymes generate a new sugar phosphate back bone; End result- 2identical daughter molecules

Semi Conservative Model

Type of DNA replication in which the replicated double helix consists of one old strand, derived from the old molecule, and one newly made strand.

Why does DNA replication need to go fast?

Needs to make new cells and conditions are currently favorable and to decrease the time taken to replicate DNA

DNA Polymerase

Adds nucleotides in the 5' to 3' direction

Topoisomerase

Unwinding the DNA

Helicase

Pry apart helix/double stranded DNA

How can new identical DNA molecules be made from one DNA molecule?

Complementary base pairing