Endocrine System Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering endocrine gland anatomy, histology identification, tropic and direct hormones, and secretor/target gland relationships.

Structure A (Endocrine System)

Pineal gland

Structure B (Endocrine System)

Hypothalamus

Structure C (Endocrine System)

Pituitary gland

Structure D (Endocrine System)

Thyroid gland

Structure E (Endocrine System)

Thymus gland

Structure F (Endocrine System)

Pancreas

Structure G (Endocrine System)

Adrenal gland

Structure I (Endocrine System)

Ovary

Structure H (Endocrine System)

Testis

Melatonin Source Structure

Pineal gland (Structure A)

Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) Secretion Site

Hypothalamus (Structure B)

Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) Target Gland

Pituitary gland (Structure C / Anterior pituitary)

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Secretion Site

Hypothalamus (Structure B)

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Target Gland

Pituitary gland (Structure C / Anterior pituitary)

Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GHRH) Target Gland

Pituitary gland (Structure C / Anterior pituitary)

Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) Secretion Site

Hypothalamus (Structure B)

Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) Target Gland

Pituitary gland (Structure C / Anterior pituitary)

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) Secretion Site

Pituitary gland (Structure C / Anterior pituitary)

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Secretion Site

Pituitary gland (Structure C / Anterior pituitary)

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Target Gland

Thyroid gland (Structure D)

Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Secretion Site

Pituitary gland (Structure C / Anterior pituitary)

Thymosin Target Location

Thymus gland (Structure E) / T-cells

T-Cell Maturation Site

Thymus gland (Structure E), under the influence of Thymosin

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) Target Gland

Adrenal gland (Structure G / Adrenal cortex)

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Target Gland in Males

Testis (Structure H)

Thyroid Gland Histology

Endocrine tissue characterized by thyroid follicles filled with colloid and lined by follicular cells.

Pancreas Histology

Endocrine tissue featuring pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans) surrounded by exocrine acinar tissue.

Parathyroid Gland Histology

Endocrine tissue composed of dense cords/clusters of chief cells and oxyphil cells.

Adrenal Gland Histology

Endocrine tissue showing the outer cortex (divided into zona glomerulosa, fasciculata, reticularis) and inner medulla.

Pituitary Gland Histology

Endocrine tissue showing two distinct regions: the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) and posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis).

Hormone Not Produced in Adrenal Cortex

Epinephrine (produced in the adrenal medulla)

Hormone Produced in Adrenal Medulla

Epinephrine (Adrenaline) and Norepinephrine

Zona Glomerulosa Primary Secretion

Aldosterone (Mineralocorticoids)

Zona Fasciculata Primary Secretion

Cortisol (Glucocorticoids)

Zona Reticularis Primary Secretion

Androgens (Sex hormones / DHEA)

Potassium Excretion Facilitator Hormone

Aldosterone

Target Tissue ATP Production Hormone

Thyroid hormone (T3 and T4)

Androgen Production Facilitator Hormone

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Sympathetic Tone Increasing Hormone

Epinephrine (Adrenaline) / Norepinephrine

Direct Blood Glucose Increasing Hormone

Glucagon

Direct Blood Glucose Lowering Hormone

Insulin

T3 and T4 Production Stimulating Hormone

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

TSH Production Stimulating Hormone

Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH)

Growth Hormone Production Stimulating Hormone

Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GHRH)

LH and FSH Production Stimulating Hormone

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)

Testosterone and Androstenedione Stimulating Hormone

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Inhibin and Estrogen Stimulating Hormone

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

ACTH Releasing Hormone

Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH)

ATP Up-Regulation via Cortisol Receptor Up-Regulation Hormone

Thyroid hormone (T3 / T4)

Blood Calcium Level Increasing Hormone

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

Female Secondary Sex Characteristics Hormone

Estrogen

Male Secondary Sex Characteristics Hormone

Testosterone

Thymus T-Cell Maturation Hormone

Thymosin

Milk Letdown and Uterine Contraction Hormone

Oxytocin

Milk Production Hormone

Prolactin

Renal Water Reabsorption Hormone

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH / Vasopressin)

Pregnancy Preparation Hormone

Progesterone