Gross II Exam I pt 3

What is the posterior boundary of the nasal cavity?

oropharyngeal isthmus

What borders the oropharyngeal isthmus?

palatoglossal arch

What are the two parts of the oral cavity?

vestibule and oral cavity proper

Where is the oral vestibule located?

space between lips and gums

Where is oral cavity proper located?

behind the teeth

What is the median groove that extends from nose to border of lip?

philtrum

What are the median folds that connect gum to lip?

frenulum of upper/lower lip

The anterior 2/3 of roof of mouth/floor of nasal cavity is formed by the ___ palate and the posterior 1/3 is formed by the ___ palate

hard; soft

The hard palate is covered by ___

mucoperiosteum

What is the structure on the mucoperiosteum that extends to the incisive papilla?

palatine raphe

The soft palate elevates during swallowing to close what gap?

nasopharynx and oropharynx

The soft palate is continuous with what two arches?

palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal

The tonsillar fossa lies between what two structures?

palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arch

What structure is in the tonsillar fossa?

palatine tonsil

What are the muscles of the soft palate?

musculus uvulae, levator veli palatini, and tensor veli palatini

What is the action of the musculus uvulae?

elevates uvula

What is the innervation of the musculus uvulae?

vagus nerve

What is the action of the levator veli palatini?

elevates soft palate

What is the innervation of the levator veli palatini?

vagus nerve

What is the function of the tensor veli palatini?

tenses soft palate, opens pharyngotympanic tube

What is the innervation of the tensor veli palatini?

mandibular division of trigeminal

What is the innervation of hard palate?

greater palatine and nasopalatine nerves

What is the innervation of soft palate?

lesser palatine nerve

What can cause deviation of uvula to right?

damaged vagus on the left

What are the functions of the tongue?

taste, mastication, swallowing, speech

What is the V shaped groove that divides tongue into an oral (2/3) and oropharyngeal (1/3) part?

sulcus terminalis

What is the foramen located at the apex of the V of the sulcus terminalis?

foramen cecum

The foramen cecum is a remnant of the embryonic __ __

thyroglossal duct

What nerve supplies general sensation to the anterior 2/3 of tongue?

lingual nerve of the mandibular division of trigeminal

What nerve supplies taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue?

chorda tympani of the facial nerve

What nerve supplies general sensation and taste to posterior 1/3 of tongue?

glossopharyngeal

What are conical projections with sharply pointed tips?

filiform papillae

What are mushroom shaped papillae that contain taste buds?

fungiform papillae

What are the largest lingual papillae arranged in a V that contain taste buds for bitter taste?

vallate papillae

What are the grooves and ridges on the side of the tongue that do NOT contain taste buds?

foliate papillae

What tonsil is located in the oropharyngeal part of tongue?

lingual

What are the spaces on either side of the median glossoepiglottic fold?

vallecula

What is a tongue tie?

Ankyloglossia; short S to I and long P to A

What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Genioglossus, Hyoglossus, Styloglossus, Palatoglossus

All extrinsic muscles of the tongue are innervated by the hypoglossal except what muscle?

palatoglossus

What is the clinical importance of the genioglossus?

pulls tongue forward and prevents tongue from falling back; important in anesthesia and seizure disorders

What is the hard substance on outside of tooth

enamel

What is internal to enamel?

dentin

What fills central cavity of tooth and contains blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics?

pulp

What is the bone like substance that covers the root of the tooth?

cementum

What is the only part of tooth that is part of the periodontium?

cementum

What are the chisel teeth for cutting?

incisors

What are the pointed teeth for puncturing and tearing?

canines

What tooth often becomes impacted due to dental crowding?

3rd molar

What is the side of tooth facing lip?

labial

What is the side of tooth facing the tongue?

lingual

What is the side of the tooth facing toward midline?

mesial

What is the side of tooth facing towards posterior?

distal surface

What is the chewing surface of the tooth?

occlusal

What is the numbering of deciduous teeth?

two incisors, one canine, two molars (20 total)

What is the numbering of permanent teeth?

two incisors, one canine, two premolars, and three molars in each quadrant (32 total)

What replaces the deciduous molars?

premolars

What is teh innervation of the maxillary teeth?

superior alveolar branches from maxillary division of trigeminal nerve

What is the innervation of the mandibular teeth?

innervated by inferior alveolar branches from mandibular division of trigeminal

What is the pathway for food and air?

pharynx

Is the pharynx made of cartilage or muscle?

muscle

What are the three parts of the pharynx?

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

What is the level of the nasopharynx and what structures does it contain?

C1; pharyngeal tonsils

What tube opens into the nasopharynx by the torus tubarius?

pharyngotympanic

What is a clinical aspect of pharyngeal tonsils?

causes troubled breathing when enlarged

What is the level of the oropharynx?

C2-C3

What tonsils are found in the oropharynx?

palatine tonsils and tonsilar ring

What is the grouping of lingual, palatine, tubal, and pharyngeal tonsils that surrounds the oropharynx?

tonsillar ring

What is the level of the laryngopharynx?

C3-C6

What is an important structure of laryngopharynx?

piriform fossa; where fish bone gets stuck