3. Identification of Joints of the Upper Limb

Question 1 What is the key description or significance of Sternoclavicular joint?

Articulation of sternal end of clavicle with manubrium and first costal cartilage; classified in the handout as a synovial double-plane joint.

Question 2 Which term or structure is described as: Articulation of sternal end of clavicle with manubrium and first costal cartilage; classified in the handout as a synovial double-plane joint.

Sternoclavicular joint

Question 3 What is the key description or significance of Costoclavicular ligament?

Strong ligament from first rib/costal cartilage junction to inferior surface of sternal end of clavicle.

Question 4 Which term or structure is described as: Strong ligament from first rib/costal cartilage junction to inferior surface of sternal end of clavicle.

Costoclavicular ligament

Question 5 What is the key description or significance of Acromioclavicular joint?

Articulation of acromion with lateral end of clavicle; a synovial plane joint.

Question 6 Which term or structure is described as: Articulation of acromion with lateral end of clavicle; a synovial plane joint.

Acromioclavicular joint

Question 7 What is the key description or significance of Acromioclavicular ligaments?

Superior and inferior ligaments that reinforce the acromioclavicular joint capsule.

Question 8 Which term or structure is described as: Superior and inferior ligaments that reinforce the acromioclavicular joint capsule.

Acromioclavicular ligaments

Question 9 What is the key description or significance of Coracoclavicular ligament?

Ligament suspending the weight of scapula and upper limb from clavicle; torn in shoulder separation.

Question 10 Which term or structure is described as: Ligament suspending the weight of scapula and upper limb from clavicle; torn in shoulder separation.

Coracoclavicular ligament

Question 11 What is the key description or significance of Scapulothoracic joint?

Physiological rather than true synovial joint; movement between scapula/associated muscles and thoracic wall.

Question 12 Which term or structure is described as: Physiological rather than true synovial joint; movement between scapula/associated muscles and thoracic wall.

Scapulothoracic joint

Question 13 What is the key description or significance of Glenohumeral or shoulder joint?

Head of humerus with glenoid cavity; synovial ball-and-socket joint.

Question 14 Which term or structure is described as: Head of humerus with glenoid cavity; synovial ball-and-socket joint.

Glenohumeral or shoulder joint

Question 15 What is the key description or significance of Glenoid labrum?

Fibrocartilaginous rim deepening the glenoid cavity.

Question 16 Which term or structure is described as: Fibrocartilaginous rim deepening the glenoid cavity.

Glenoid labrum

Question 17 What is the key description or significance of Glenohumeral ligaments?

Three anterior capsular bands strengthening the shoulder joint.

Question 18 Which term or structure is described as: Three anterior capsular bands strengthening the shoulder joint.

Glenohumeral ligaments

Question 19 What is the key description or significance of Transverse humeral ligament?

Bridges greater and lesser tuberosities and retains long-head biceps tendon.

Question 20 Which term or structure is described as: Bridges greater and lesser tuberosities and retains long-head biceps tendon.

Transverse humeral ligament

Question 21 What is the key description or significance of Coracohumeral ligament?

Superior capsular ligament extending from coracoid root to greater tuberosity.

Question 22 Which term or structure is described as: Superior capsular ligament extending from coracoid root to greater tuberosity.

Coracohumeral ligament

Question 23 What is the key description or significance of Coracoacromial ligament?

Ligament protecting superior aspect of shoulder joint.

Question 24 Which term or structure is described as: Ligament protecting superior aspect of shoulder joint.

Coracoacromial ligament

Question 25 What is the key description or significance of Elbow joint?

Trochlea/capitulum of humerus with trochlear notch of ulna and radial head; synovial hinge joint.

Question 26 Which term or structure is described as: Trochlea/capitulum of humerus with trochlear notch of ulna and radial head; synovial hinge joint.

Elbow joint

Question 27 What is the key description or significance of Lateral collateral ligament of elbow?

Triangular ligament with apex at lateral epicondyle and base at annular ligament/ulna.

Question 28 Which term or structure is described as: Triangular ligament with apex at lateral epicondyle and base at annular ligament/ulna.

Lateral collateral ligament of elbow

Question 29 What is the key description or significance of Medial collateral ligament of elbow?

Triangular ligament from medial epicondyle to coronoid and olecranon; closely related to ulnar nerve.

Question 30 Which term or structure is described as: Triangular ligament from medial epicondyle to coronoid and olecranon; closely related to ulnar nerve.

Medial collateral ligament of elbow

Question 31 What is the key description or significance of Superior radioulnar joint?

Radial head with annular ligament and radial notch of ulna; synovial pivot joint.

Question 32 Which term or structure is described as: Radial head with annular ligament and radial notch of ulna; synovial pivot joint.

Superior radioulnar joint

Question 33 What is the key description or significance of Annular ligament?

Collar around radial head at proximal radioulnar joint.

Question 34 Which term or structure is described as: Collar around radial head at proximal radioulnar joint.

Annular ligament

Question 35 What is the key description or significance of Inferior radioulnar joint?

Head of ulna with ulnar notch of radius; synovial pivot joint.

Question 36 Which term or structure is described as: Head of ulna with ulnar notch of radius; synovial pivot joint.

Inferior radioulnar joint

Question 37 What is the key description or significance of Articular disc of distal radioulnar joint?

Triangular fibrocartilage with apex at ulnar styloid base and base at lower border of radial ulnar notch; separates DRUJ from wrist.

Question 38 Which term or structure is described as: Triangular fibrocartilage with apex at ulnar styloid base and base at lower border of radial ulnar notch; separates DRUJ from wrist.

Articular disc of distal radioulnar joint

Question 39 What is the key description or significance of Wrist or radiocarpal joint?

Distal radius plus triangular articular disc with scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum; synovial condyloid joint.

Question 40 Which term or structure is described as: Distal radius plus triangular articular disc with scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum; synovial condyloid joint.

Wrist or radiocarpal joint

Question 41 What is the key description or significance of Anterior and posterior wrist ligaments?

Ligaments strengthening the wrist capsule.

Question 42 Which term or structure is described as: Ligaments strengthening the wrist capsule.

Anterior and posterior wrist ligaments

Question 43 What is the key description or significance of Medial wrist ligament?

Connects ulnar styloid to triquetrum.

Question 44 Which term or structure is described as: Connects ulnar styloid to triquetrum.

Medial wrist ligament

Question 45 What is the key description or significance of Lateral wrist ligament?

Connects radial styloid to scaphoid.

Question 46 Which term or structure is described as: Connects radial styloid to scaphoid.

Lateral wrist ligament

Question 47 What is the key description or significance of First carpometacarpal joint?

Thumb CMC joint; synovial saddle joint.

Question 48 Which term or structure is described as: Thumb CMC joint; synovial saddle joint.

First carpometacarpal joint

Question 49 What is the key description or significance of Second to fourth carpometacarpal joints?

Classified in the handout as synovial gliding joints.

Question 50 Which term or structure is described as: Classified in the handout as synovial gliding joints.

Second to fourth carpometacarpal joints

Question 51 What is the key description or significance of Metacarpophalangeal joints?

Synovial condyloid joints.

Question 52 Which term or structure is described as: Synovial condyloid joints.

Metacarpophalangeal joints

Question 53 What is the key description or significance of Palmar ligaments of MCP joints?

Ligaments supporting MCP joints on palmar aspect.

Question 54 Which term or structure is described as: Ligaments supporting MCP joints on palmar aspect.

Palmar ligaments of MCP joints

Question 55 What is the key description or significance of Collateral ligaments of MCP joints?

Bands from metacarpal head to base of phalanx; taut in flexion and lax in extension.

Question 56 Which term or structure is described as: Bands from metacarpal head to base of phalanx; taut in flexion and lax in extension.

Collateral ligaments of MCP joints

Question 57 What is the key description or significance of Interphalangeal joints?

Synovial hinge joints with structure similar to MCP joints.

Question 58 Which term or structure is described as: Synovial hinge joints with structure similar to MCP joints.

Interphalangeal joints

Question 59 What is the key description or significance of Pronation at radioulnar joints?

Movement produced mainly by pronator teres and pronator quadratus.

Question 60 Which term or structure is described as: Movement produced mainly by pronator teres and pronator quadratus.

Pronation at radioulnar joints

Question 61 What is the key description or significance of Supination at radioulnar joints?

Movement produced mainly by biceps and supinator.

Question 62 Which term or structure is described as: Movement produced mainly by biceps and supinator.

Supination at radioulnar joints

Question 63 What is the key description or significance of Shoulder flexion?

Produced by anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, biceps, and coracobrachialis in the handout.

Question 64 Which term or structure is described as: Produced by anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, biceps, and coracobrachialis in the handout.

Shoulder flexion

Question 65 What is the key description or significance of Shoulder extension?

Produced by posterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi, and teres major.

Question 66 Which term or structure is described as: Produced by posterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi, and teres major.

Shoulder extension

Question 67 What is the key description or significance of Shoulder abduction?

Produced mainly by middle deltoid, assisted by supraspinatus.

Question 68 Which term or structure is described as: Produced mainly by middle deltoid, assisted by supraspinatus.

Shoulder abduction

Question 69 What is the key description or significance of Shoulder adduction?

Produced by pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major, and teres minor in the handout.

Question 70 Which term or structure is described as: Produced by pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major, and teres minor in the handout.

Shoulder adduction

Question 71 What is the key description or significance of Shoulder lateral rotation?

Produced by infraspinatus, teres minor, and posterior deltoid.

Question 72 Which term or structure is described as: Produced by infraspinatus, teres minor, and posterior deltoid.

Shoulder lateral rotation

Question 73 What is the key description or significance of Shoulder medial rotation?

Produced by subscapularis, latissimus dorsi, teres major, and anterior deltoid.

Question 74 Which term or structure is described as: Produced by subscapularis, latissimus dorsi, teres major, and anterior deltoid.

Shoulder medial rotation

Question 75 What is the key description or significance of Elbow flexion?

Produced by brachialis, biceps, brachioradialis, and pronator teres.

Question 76 Which term or structure is described as: Produced by brachialis, biceps, brachioradialis, and pronator teres.

Elbow flexion

Question 77 What is the key description or significance of Elbow extension?

Produced by triceps and anconeus.

Question 78 Which term or structure is described as: Produced by triceps and anconeus.

Elbow extension

Question 79 What is the key description or significance of Wrist flexion?

Produced by FCR, FCU, palmaris longus and assisted by long finger/thumb flexors listed in the handout.

Question 80 Which term or structure is described as: Produced by FCR, FCU, palmaris longus and assisted by long finger/thumb flexors listed in the handout.

Wrist flexion

Question 81 What is the key description or significance of Wrist extension?

Produced by ECRL, ECRB, ECU and finger/thumb extensors listed in the handout.

Question 82 Which term or structure is described as: Produced by ECRL, ECRB, ECU and finger/thumb extensors listed in the handout.

Wrist extension

Question 83 What is the key description or significance of Wrist abduction?

Produced by FCR, ECRL, ECRB, APL, EPL, and EPB in the handout.

Question 84 Which term or structure is described as: Produced by FCR, ECRL, ECRB, APL, EPL, and EPB in the handout.

Wrist abduction

Question 85 What is the key description or significance of Wrist adduction?

Produced by flexor carpi ulnaris and extensor carpi ulnaris.

Question 86 Which term or structure is described as: Produced by flexor carpi ulnaris and extensor carpi ulnaris.

Wrist adduction

Question 87 What is the key description or significance of Thumb CMC flexion?

Flexor pollicis brevis/longus and opponens pollicis are listed as flexors.

Question 88 Which term or structure is described as: Flexor pollicis brevis/longus and opponens pollicis are listed as flexors.

Thumb CMC flexion

Question 89 What is the key description or significance of Thumb CMC extension?

Extensor pollicis longus and brevis.

Question 90 Which term or structure is described as: Extensor pollicis longus and brevis.

Thumb CMC extension

Question 91 What is the key description or significance of Thumb CMC abduction?

Abductor pollicis longus and brevis.

Question 92 Which term or structure is described as: Abductor pollicis longus and brevis.

Thumb CMC abduction

Question 93 What is the key description or significance of Thumb CMC adduction?

Adductor pollicis.

Question 94 Which term or structure is described as: Adductor pollicis.

Thumb CMC adduction

Question 95 What is the key description or significance of Thumb opposition?

Rotation/opposition at the first CMC produced by opponens pollicis.

Question 96 Which term or structure is described as: Rotation/opposition at the first CMC produced by opponens pollicis.

Thumb opposition

Question 97 What is the key description or significance of MCP flexion?

Lumbricals and interossei, assisted by finger flexors.

Question 98 Which term or structure is described as: Lumbricals and interossei, assisted by finger flexors.

MCP flexion

Question 99 What is the key description or significance of MCP extension?

Extensor digitorum, extensor indicis, extensor digiti minimi, with thumb extensors for the thumb.

Question 100 Which term or structure is described as: Extensor digitorum, extensor indicis, extensor digiti minimi, with thumb extensors for the thumb.

MCP extension