Unit 3 test BANGER

Which of the following componets of the urinary system is the MOST NUMEROUS?

Afferent Arterioles

which of the following structures of the respitory tract has the least cartilage and the most smooth muscle?

Bronchiole

Normal losses of water from the body include ….

Urination, defacation, expiration, cutaneous, sweating

Diesease/disorder match description: Destruction of majority of kidney

Renal Failure

Diesease/disorder match description: lung infection with fluid and syptoms like cough

Pneumonia

Diesease/disorder match description: inability to voluntarily control urination

Urinary incontititence

Diesease/disorder match description: caused by viral bacteria infection with sore throat

laryngitis

Diesease/disorder match description:lung collapsed from air in pleural cavity

pneumothorax

which of the following would decrease GFR : CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY

• A significant decrease in systemic blood pressure

• Direct Stimulation in the SNS

• Constriction of afferent arterioles

which of the following is NOT a strucutre of the lower respiratory tract?

Larynx

Hyperventaltion leads to . ….

CO2 levels decrease

Blood pH increases

Type 2 alveolar cells …..

Secrete surfactant to prevent alveolar collapse

Patient data….

• Alkalosis

• Respiratory

• metabolic

• No, compensation because normal rates

Put these in the correct order from the renal artery to the renal vein

Renal artery→segmental artery→interlobular artery→arcuate artery→cortical radiate artery→ Afferent arteriole→glomerulus→efferent arteriole→peritubular capillaries/vasa recta→ cortical radiate vein→r arcuate vein→ Interlobular vein→ Renal vein.

which buffering system is FASTEST but TEMPORARY and Which is SLOWEST but STRONGEST

Chemical buffers and urinary system (kidneys)

Juxtaglomerular apparatus JGA

regulates glomerular filtration and blood pressure

Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus with acidic ketones leads to …..

Last one is which value indicates incomplete compensation?

• Metabolic acidosis

• ph Low

• PaCO2 low

• Hco3 Low

PaCO2

Bronchodialation + more air movement T or F

True

Cilia of the respiratory system helps move mucus toward the lungs T or F

False

Intrapleural pressure is always higher than intrapulmonary pressure T or F

False

fluid imbalances with constant osmolarity ….. T or F

False

Kidney regions matching: consists primarily of renal pyramids

renal medulla

Kidney regions matching:organized into minor and major calyces

Renal Sinus/pelvis

Kidney regions matching: Continous with ureter

Renal sinus/pelvis

Kidney regions matching: its extensions are callled renal columns

Renal Cortex

Kidney regions matching: most collecting ducts and nephron loops are found in this region

Renal Medulla

To maintain Homeostasis, the respiratory system adjusts _____ in response to various stimuli

Depth and rate of breathing

Gas with the highest partial pressure

Nitrogen at 78.6%

The structues indicated in the diagram are

paranasal sinuses

Function: to lighten the skull and filter air

which patient has complete compensation for an acid base imbalance?

Patient 4 is correct

pH = 7.41 normal

PaCO2= 34 low

HCO3 = 25 (normal upper end)

Hypersecreation of aldosterone causes

Hypernatremia

Most oxygen (98%) is transported in blood by….

Most CO2 is transported in blood by ……

Binding to hemoglobin inside erythrocytes

As Bicarbonate ions dissolved in plasma

Countercurrent gradient in kidney diagram: concentration gradient is greatest in ….

Renal Medulla

Countercurrent gradient in kidney diagram: B on the diagram…

Renal Medulla

Countercurrent gradient in kidney diagram: countercurrent multiplier involves

Nephron loops and D on the diagram for last one

when the sympathetic nervous system is activated:

Dilate

Constrict

Correct statements about respiratory gases: CHOOSE ALL

• Hemoglobin binds to oxygen in the lungs

• After blood passes through systemic - oxygen poor

• hemoglobin unloads

• In order

MATCHING KIDNEY STRUCTURES: Capilaries from efferent arteriole reabsorbing substances

Peritubular capillaries

MATCHING KIDNEY STRUCTURES: cells with microvilli

PCT

MATCHING KIDNEY STRUCTURES: shared by many nephrons

Collecting duct

MATCHING KIDNEY STRUCTURES :supplies glomerulus with blood

Afferent arteriole

Carbonic acid is regulated by

Respiratory system

Normally present in urine: choose all

• inorganic substances

• urea, uric acid

• some hormones

• water

Fluid moves consistently by

Osmosis

The muscles for quiet breathing

diaphragm and external intercostals

Structures that close to protect the airway during swallowing

the mucosa of most parts of the urinary tract is formed from which tyoe of epithelium

transitional epithelium

Respiratory center is in the _____ and the thirst center is in the ___

Medulla and pons; Hypothalamus

Male urethra order:

prostatic, membranous, penile/spongy

__ is not a capillary

mucula densa

__ plays a pivotal role in reabsorption

Sodium NA+

Most abundant cation in ICF =? and ECF=?

ICF= k+

ECF=Sodium

If H+ decreases, the kidneys will secreate ___ and reabsorb ___

Fewer, Fewer

Freely filtered in glo filtration

• ions

• glucose

• water

• amino acids

• urea

Why is Sheryl struggling to breathe?

• Damage to alveoli has occured

• Decreased

• increased

UTI’s in women

The female urethra is shorter and may be exposed to more bacteria

(Retroperitoneal organs)

located posterior to the parietal peritonenum

When does tubular fluid become urine

papillary duct