APUSH Ch. 20

Clement L. Vallandigham

An American lawyer and politician who served as the leader of the Copperhead faction of anti-war Democrats during the Civil War.

John Pope

career United States Army officer and Union general in the Civil War. best known for his defeat at the Second Battle of Bull Run in the East.

John Wilkes Booth

American stage actor who assassinated United States President Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theatre

Robert E. Lee

Confederate general during the Civil War, toward the end of which he was appointed the overall commander of the Confederate States Army

Thomas J. Jackson

Confederate general and military officer who served during the Civil War

A.E. Burnside

major general in the Union army during the Civil War, one of four men to command the army of potomac

Joseph Hooker

-Civil War general for the Union, remembered for his decisive defeat by Confederate General Robert E. Lee at the Battle of Chancellorsville

Ulysses S. Grant

- led the Union Army to victory in the American Civil War in 1865,  18th president of the United States

George B. McClellan

military officer and politician,  Commanding General of the United States Army 

William T. Sherman

served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War notable for his March to the Sea campaign

George G. Meade

United States Army Major General who commanded the Army of the Potomac during the Civil War, defeated Robert Lee at Gettysburg

Salmon P. Chase

-American politician and jurist who served as the sixth chief justice of the United States

George Pickett

-United States Army officer who became a major general in the Confederate States Army during the Civil War

Merrimack

- Former wooden warship reconditioned by southerners. Easily destroyed two wooden ships of the Union navy in the Virginia waters of Chesapeake Bay it also threatened catastrophe to the entire Yankee blockading fleet. Destroyed to keep it from Unions hands

Monitor

- Union warship built in about 100 days. The little “Yankee cheesebox on a raft” fought the wheezy Merrimack to a standstill.

Emancipation Proclamation

- Declared all slaves in rebelling states to be free but did not affect slavery in non rebelling Border States. The proclamation closed the door on possible compromise with the South and encouraged thousands of Southern slaves to flee to Union lines.

13th Amendment

Constitutional amendment prohibiting all forms of slavery and involuntary servitude. Former Confederate states were required to ratify the amendment prior to gaining reentry into the Union.

Gettysburg Address

Abraham Lincoln’s oft-quoted speech, delivered at the dedication of the cemetery at Gettysburg battlefield. In the address, Lincoln framed the war as a means to uphold the values of liberty. 

Copperheads

Northern Democrats who obstructed the war effort by attacking Abraham Lincoln, the draft, and, after 1863, emancipation.

Union party

A coalition party of prowar Democrats and Republicans formed during the 1864 election to defeat anti war Northern Democrats.

Reform Bill of 1867

- Granted suffrage to all male British citizens, dramatically expanding the electorate. The success of the American democratic experiment, reinforced by the Union victory in the Civil War, was used as one of the arguments in favor of the bill.