PDH Revision

D -

Danger: Asses for danger to you, the victim and the bystanders

R -

Response: Does the person respond when you say their name?

S -

Send for Help: Call 000 or life guards

A -

Airway: Open the mouth and check for foreign material. Place in recovery position (on side).

B -

Breathing: Is the person breathing normally? Look, listen and feel for 10 seconds.

C -

Compressions: 30 chest compressions to 2 breaths

D -

Defibrilator: Attach the Defib and follow prompts.

How long do you perform CPR for?

Until you see signs of conciousness or until medical proffesionals arrive.

First Aid

The care given to an injured person

The aim of First Aid

Minimise injury and future disability, preserve life.

5 aims of First Aid are…

Preserve life, prevent escaltion of injury/illness, promote recovery, pain relief, protect the unconcious.

Bleeding

The loss of blood.

Signs and symptoms of bleeding:

Visible blood loss.

Treatment for bleeding:

Apply pressure, keep wound elevated, rinse under water, apply bandage,

Bites and Stings

When an insect/animal pierce skin with some part of their body.

Signs and symptoms of bites and stings:

Rash, itching, trouble breathing, feeling weak/fainting, swelling.

Treatment for bites and stings:

Clean affected area, apply ice pack, seek medical help, use pain-relieving medication.

Choking

When foreign material blocks the airway.

Choking signs and symptoms:

Difficulty breathing, clutching throat, blue face, inability to talk, cough.

Treatment for choking:

Encourage them to cough, call 000, bend them forwards, give them 5 back blows, then 5 chest thrusts,

Burns and scalds

Burns and scalds are damage to the skin caused by heat.

Signs and symptoms of Burns and Scalds

Red skin, peeling skin, blisters, swelling.

Treatment for Burns and Scalds

Run under cool or lukewarm water for 20 to 30 minutes.

Shock:

Shock is a critical condition brought on by the sudden drop in blood flow through the body

Signs and symptoms of Shock

Pale skin, clammy skin, shallow and rapid breathing, difficulty breathing, rapid heartbeat.

Treatment for Shock

Raise patients legs above the level of their heart and place their head flat on the floor.

Asthma:

Asthma is a chronic lung disease affecting people of all ages. It is caused by inflammation and muscle tightening around the airways, which makes it harder to breathe.

Signs and symptoms of Asthma

Coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath and chest tightness.

Treatment for Asthma

Sit patient upright, administer blue/grey inhaler (4 puffs), wait 4 minutes, 4 more puffs. If difficulty breathing is ongoing, call 000.

Anaphylaxis:

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction.

Signs and symptoms of Anaphylaxis

Swelling of your throat and tongue, difficulty breathing, difficulty swallowing, wheezing, coughing, breathing very fast.

Treatment for Anaphalaxyis

Immediate treatment with adrenaline (epinephrine - EpiPen), which is injected into the outer mid-thigh muscle.

Dangers of a Beach environemnt:

Rips, currents, big waves, shallow sandbanks, rocks, marine animals.

Dangers of a Riverine environment: