Imaging of ST MT Study

Which of the following contrast agents is used for intravenous administration in cross sectional advanced imaging?

a. pantopaque

b. technetium

c. barium

d. iodine

d. iodine

Which of the following examinations utilizing ionizing radiation has the highest patient radiation dosage?

a. magnetic resonance imagine

b. computed tomography

c. radiography

d. ultrasound

b. computed tomography

Which type of hiatal hernia is least common?

a. paraesophageal

b. mixed

c. sliding

b. mixed

Which part of the gastrointestinal tract is the "string of pearl" name sign associated:

a. small bowel

b. esophagus

c. stomach

d. large bowel

a. small bowel

the following is NOT a sign of bowel obstruction?

a. Bowel distention

b. multiple diverticula

c. prominers valuat conniventes

d. loss of haustration

b. multiple diverticula

The cecal maximum normal dimension is...... cm

a. 1

b. 9

c. 3

d. 6

b. 9

Hydronephrosis is a condition that commonly affects what viscera?

a. renal calyces

b. small bowel

c. badder

d. stomach

a. renal calyces

What radiographic study can you do to evaluate the renal collecting system?

a. Intravenous pyelogram

b. AP pelvis

c. AP lumbar

d. Supine abdomen

a. Intravenous pyelogram

Why is CT typically better for visualizing concretions than MR?

a. Quick scan time

b. Increased soft tissue resolution

c. Images based on density

d. Beam hardening artifact

a. Quick scan time

The stomach lives in what anatomical quadrant of the abdomen?

a. LLQ

b. RLQ

c. RUQ

d. LUQ

d. LUQ

What is the most common cause of small bowel obstruction in developed countries?

a. incarcerated hernias

b. surgical adhesions

c. malignancy

d. diverticulitis

b. surgical adhesions

What portion of the gastrointestinal tract has valvulae conniventes?

a. large bowel

b. cecum

c. small bowel

d. stomach

c. small bowel

The most common cause of large bowel obstruction is ...

a. diverticulitis

b. surgical adhesions

c. colorectal cancer

d. incarcerated hernias

c. colorectal cancer

A 43 year old female presents to your office with low back pain and a history of Radiographs reveal staghorn calculi. Which of the following conditions is most appropriate?

a. painful urination

b. recurrent urinary tract infections

c. flank pain

d. right upper quadrant pain

b. recurrent urinary tract infections

Which organ may have a Riedel lobe?

a. liver

b. thyroid

c. spleen

d. lung

a. liver

A patient with sickle cell anemia is likely to have what osseous finding?

a. H-shaped vertebra

b. osteochondritis dissecans

c. fish vertebra

d. scoliosis

a. H-shaped vertebra

T/F Most bladder stones are mineralized and can be seen radiographically.

a. True

b. False

a. True

Match the name sign with the appropriate location/finding:

Pleural/extrapleural

Pneumoperitoneum

Atelectasis

Gallbladder

1. Mercedes-benz sign

2. Continuous diaphragm sign

3. Air bronchogram sign

4. Cat under the rug

1. Mercedes-Benz sign - Gallbladder

2. Continuous diaphragm sign - Pneumoperitoneum

3. Air bronchogram sign - Atelectasis

4. Cat under the rug - Pleural/Extrapleural

What is the clinical significance of porcelain gallbladder?

a. gallbladder rupture

b. evidence of cholecystectomy

c. biliary dysmotility

d. gallbladder carcinoma

d. gallbladder carcinoma

Which organ found in the abdomen is not usually seen radiographically, and requires advanced imaging to assess?

a. pancreas

b. hepatic flexure of colon

c. liver

d. spleen

a. pancreas

Match the lesion with the pattern of calcification:

Conduit wall

Concretion

Mass like

Cyst wall

1. Jack stone

2. Aortic calcification

3. Hydatid disease

4. Uterine leiomyoma

1. Jack stone - Concretion

2. Aortic calcification - Conduit wall

3. Hydatid disease - Cyst wall

4. Uterine leiomyoma - Mass-like

Which of the following predisposes a patient to the development of calcification of the aortic arch?

a. osteomalacia

b. gout

c. urinary tract infections

d. cardiovascular disease

d. cardiovascular disease

What radiographic density is the magenblase?

a. air

b. bone

c. fat

d. water

a. air

Free fluid within the abdomen is termed:

a. hydrocephalus

b. pneumobilia

c. water belly

d. ascites

d. ascites

A zenker diverticulum occurs at a weakness in the posterior esophageal wall located at:

a. anterior scalene

b. longus colli

c. Killian's dehiscence

d. nasopharynx

c. Killian's dehiscence

At what sagittal dimension of the abdominal aorta is the vessel worrisome for an aneurysm？

a. 2 cm.

b. 2.3 cm

c. 2.8 cm

d. 1.8 cm

c. 2.8 cm

The right hemidiaphragm is normally _______ than the left.

a. higher

b. lower

a. higher

An aggressive primary bone lesion was seen on a radiograph of the knee. A radiograph of the chest was taken afterwards. You would be looking for what on the chest radiograph?

a. tracheal deviation

b. atelectasis

c. nothing

d. canon ball metastasis

d. canon ball metastasis

What is the most common composition of a renal stone?

a. calcium oxalate

b. uric acid

c. cystine stones

d. struvite

a. calcium oxalate

An enlarged sella turcica indicates?

a. carotid artery calcification

b. pituitary lesion

c. hydrocephalus

d. chiari malformation

b. pituitary lesion

What percentage of renal stones are NOT mineralized and cannot be detected on x-ray?

a. 15%

b. 5%

c. 95%

d. 85%

b. 5%

The most prominent imaging finding of hydronephrosis is:

a. renal enlargement

b. renal atrophy

c. renal calcification

d. renal cysts

a. renal enlargement

A referral to which of the following specialist is most reasonable in a patient with bladder stones?

a. gastroenterologist

b. pulmonologist

c. nephrologist/urologist

d. proctologist/gynecologist

c. nephrologist/urologist

Match the name sign with the lesion/finding:

Choleliths

Pneumoperitoneum

Neurogenic bladder

1. Mercedes-benz

2. Continuous diaphragm sign

3. Pine cone bladder

Choleliths - Mercedes-Benz sign

Pneumoperitoneum - Continuous diaphragm sign

Neurogenic bladder - Pine cone bladder

Are enlarged prevertebral soft tissues a medical emergency?

a. yes

b. no

a. yes

Match the organ to the proper anatomical quadrant:

Spleen

Gallbladder

Cecum

Liver

1. RUQ

2. LUQ

3. RLQ

Spleen - LUQ

Gallbladder - RUQ

Cecum - RLQ

Liver - RUQ

Hydrothorax is an abnormal collection of water in what space?

a. mediastinal space

b. peritoneal space

c. pleural space

d. hilar space

c. pleural space

A sialolith is a stone in what type of glands?

a. adenoid

b. adrenal

c. salivary

d. parathyroid

c. salivary

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease frequently involves the liver as well.

a. yes

b. no

a. yes

Which of the following is NOT a hollow organ of the abdomen?

a. stomach

b. liver

c. bowel

d. bladder

b. liver

What is the best cross-sectional imaging to evaluate the abdomen?

a. MRI

b. X-ray

c. Ultrasound

d. CT

d. CT

Which of the following is the contrast agent of choice when evaluating the gastrointestinal tract?

a. Barium

b. Iodide

c. Gadolinium

d. Technetium-99

a. Barium

Which of the following cross-sectional imaging modalities is considered the best for imaging of the thorax and abdomen due to its quick scan time?

a. MRI

b. Ultrasound

c. X-ray

d. CT

d. CT

The liver shadow is normally seen radiographically.

a. True

b. False

a. True

Match the prefix with the organ associated:

kidney

spleen

stomach

liver

heart

gallbladder

1. hepato-

2. gastro-

3. nephro-

4. chole-

5. spleno-

6. cardio-

1. hepato - liver

2. gastro - stomach

3. nephro - kidney

4. chole - gallbladder

5. spleno - spleen

6. cardio - heart

Hepatomegaly vs Riedel's lobe can be distinguished radiographically by:

a. radiographic density

b. presence of calcification

c. position of liver

d. shape of inferior margin

d. shape of inferior margin

Riedel's lobe is categorized as:

a. accessory lobe of spleen

b. anatomical variant of liver

c. accessory lobe of pancreas

d. hepatomegaly

b. anatomical variant of liver

What percentage of gallstones calcify:

a. 65%

b. 85%

c. 15%

d. 40%

c. 15%

'Bag of Diamonds" is a radiographic name sign used in the presence what pathology?

a. pancreatic lithiasis

b. cholelithiasis

c. appendicoliths

d. nephrolithiasis

b. cholelithiasis

What is the most common type of gastric hernia?

a. Bochdalek

b. Sliding

c. Paraesophageal

d. Morgagni

b. Sliding

What is the most common cause of small bowel obstruction in developed countries?

a. congenital

b. diverticulitis

c. adhesions

d. malignancy

c. adhesions

The _____ is categorized as a lymphoid tissue. Question 12 options:

a. Liver

b. Spleen

c. Kidney

d. Gallbladder

b. Spleen

Calcification in the wall of the ____ suggests an increased risk of carcinoma.

a. Spleen

b. Gallbladder

c. Liver

d. Pancreas

b. Gallbladder

Renal stones are classified as what pattern of abdominal calcification?

a. conduit wall

b. concretion

c. mass

d. cyst wall

b. concretion

Staghorn calculi are unique in their appearance as they create a cast of the collecting system. What stone composition is typically seen with staghorn calculi?

a. calcium oxalate

b. uric acid

c. struvite

d. cystine

c. struvite

in renal transplantation, the transplanted kidney is generally generally placed in the:

a. upper abdomen, intraperitoneal

b. chest

c. upper abdomen, retroperitoneal

d. pelvis

d. pelvis

What is the name given to bladder stones mimicking a childhood game piece?

a. jack stone

b. appendicolith

c. staghorn

d. nephrolith

a. jack stone

What organism is responsible for hydatid disease?

a. staph aureus

b. pseudomonas

c. mycobacterium tuberculosis

d. echinococcus

d. echinococcus

How do you best ddx renal stones from gallstones on a radiographic examination?

a. position of stone(s) on lateral

b. presence of lamination

c. Density of stone

d. stone composition

a. position of stone(s) on lateral

Teratomas are classified as what category of tumors?

a. carcinoid tumors

b. germ cell tumors

c. primitive neuroectodermal tumors

d. smooth muscle tumors

b. germ cell tumors