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Common Good

The concept of working towards the benefit and welfare of the entire society.

Collectivism

A political ideology that emphasizes the importance of collective action and cooperation for the common good.

Liberalism

A political philosophy that advocates for individual rights, limited government intervention, and free markets.

Modern Liberalism

A variant of liberalism that supports government intervention to promote social justice and equality.

Utopian Society

An idealized and perfect society that is often unattainable in reality.

Divine Right of Kings

The belief that monarchs derive their authority to rule directly from God.

Mercantilism

An economic system that emphasizes the accumulation of wealth through trade and the establishment of colonies.

Capitalism

An economic system based on private ownership of resources and the pursuit of profit.

Laissez-faire

An economic policy that advocates for minimal government intervention in the economy.

Invisible Hand

The concept that individuals pursuing their own self-interest in a free market can unintentionally benefit society as a whole.

Agricultural Revolution

The period of significant technological advancements and changes in farming practices that led to increased food production.

Cottage Industry / Domestic System

A system of production where goods are produced in individual homes or small workshops.

Industrial Revolution

A period of rapid industrialization and technological advancements that transformed manufacturing and production processes.

Classical Liberalism

A political ideology that emphasizes individual liberty, limited government, and free markets.

Luddites

Workers who protested against the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution.

Chartists

A working-class movement in the 19th century that advocated for political and social reforms.

Marxism

A socio-political theory developed by Karl Marx that focuses on the struggle between the working class and the capitalist class.

Communism

A political ideology that advocates for the abolition of private property and the establishment of a classless society.

Socialism

An economic and political system that advocates for collective ownership and democratic control of the means of production.

Utopian Socialism

A variant of socialism that envisions an ideal society based on cooperation and equality.

Command Economy

An economic system where the government controls the production and distribution of goods and services.

Traditional Economy

An economic system based on customs, traditions, and barter.

Free Market Economy

An economic system where prices and production are determined by supply and demand in a competitive market.

Free Enterprise Economy

An economic system where private individuals and businesses have the freedom to operate and compete.

Mixed Economy

An economic system that combines elements of both market and command economies.

Public Enterprise

A business or industry owned and operated by the government.

Private Enterprise

A business or industry owned and operated by private individuals or corporations.

Fascism

A far-right political ideology characterized by dictatorial power, strong nationalism, and suppression of dissent.

Expansionism

The policy or practice of expanding a nation's territory or influence.

Brinkmanship

A diplomatic strategy that involves pushing a situation to the brink of war to achieve one's objectives.

Detente

A period of improved relations and reduced tensions between rival nations.

Deterrence

The use of military strength and the threat of retaliation to discourage aggression.

Containment

A foreign policy strategy aimed at preventing the spread of communism.

Liberation Movements

Political and social movements seeking independence or freedom from colonial or oppressive powers.

The Cold War

A period of geopolitical tension and rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union.

A Hot War

An armed conflict involving direct military engagement between opposing forces.

M.A.D

The concept that the use of nuclear weapons by two opposing sides would result in the destruction of both.

Spheres of Influence

Areas where a dominant power exerts significant political, economic, or military influence.

Superpowers

Nations with immense global influence and power, often referring to the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War.

Alignment

The act of forming alliances or affiliations with other nations for political or strategic purposes.

Proxy Wars

Conflicts where opposing powers support and fight through third-party groups or nations.

WMD (Weapons of Mass Destruction)

Weapons capable of causing widespread destruction and loss of life, such as nuclear, chemical, or biological weapons.

Space Race

The competition between the United States and the Soviet Union to achieve milestones in space exploration.

NATO versus Warsaw Pact

Military alliances formed by Western and Eastern bloc countries respectively during the Cold War.

Egalitarianism

The belief in equality and equal rights for all individuals.

Rights and Responsibilities

The idea that individuals have certain rights but also