the rest of skin conditions: hemorrhoids, pinworm, lice/scabies, minor wounds, poison ivy, inflammation and rash, sunscreen

lifestyle/natural remedies for hemorrhoids

• incr. fiber intake

• psyllium

• phenylephrine — vasoconstrictor that shrinks hemorrhoid and reduces burning and itching

• hydrocortisone

• witch hazel

hydrocortisone (for hemorrhoids)

Anusol-HC

witch hazel (for hemorrhoids)

Tucks Medicated Cooling Pads

OTC phenylephrine topical for hemorrhoids

Preparation H

how does pinworm present?

anal itching

antihelmintics for pinworm

mebendazole

pyrantel pamoate

albendazole

how do you identify eggs (pinworm)?

• stick a piece of tape around the anus in the morning prior to voiding/defecating

• remove tape and bring to healthcare provider

• can take up to 3 tape tests to identify eggs

pyrantel pamoate

Reese’s Pinworm Medicine

albendazole and mebendazole ADRs

• HA

• nausea

• hepatotoxic

scabies tx

permethrin cream 5%

what is permethrin lotion 1% (Nix) used for?

lice

topical OTC drugs for lice

pyrethrins

permethrin

what lice tx can cause skin irritation and is flammable?

malathion lotion 0.5%

after lice tx, what do you need to do?

use a nit comb every 2-3 days

T/F most lice tx require re-treatment on days 7-10 to kill surviving hatched lice

TRUE

OTC lice tx options

• permethrin 1% lotion (Nix)

• pyrethrin/piperonyl butoxide (RID)

most common method of debridement for chronic wounds

enzymatic debridement — collagenase ointment

wounds with ragged edges, with the potential for deeper skin damage and bruising under the skin

a. laceration

b. abrasion

c. cut

a. laceration

minor injuries on top layer of skin

a. laceration

b. abrasion

c. cut

b. abrasion

how do you treat minor, harmless insect bites?

topical steroid

oral antihistamine

burns: red/painful, minor swelling

a. first degree

b. second degree

c. third degree

a. first degree

burns: thicker, blisters, very painful

a. first degree

b. second degree

c. third degree

b. second degree

burns: damage to all layers of skin, appears white or charred

a. first degree

b. second degree

c. third degree

c. third degree

when can you treat burns OTC?

• first or second degree

• area < 2 inches in diameter

• not on face, major joint, feet, or genitals

• NOT diabetic

what should you apply to minor burns to protect the skin, retain moisture, and reduce scarring?

ointment

_______ can be used topically to reduce infection risk and promote healing

silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene; SSD)

OTC tx for burns

polymyxin/bacitracin/neomycin (Neosporin original)

RX tx for burns

• mupirocin

• bacitracin/neomycin/polymyxin B/hydrocortisone (Cortisporin)

what does mupirocin cover?

• staph — MRSA

• strep

poison ivy, oak, and sumac cause an allergic reaction from touching the sap which contains the toxin _______

urushiol

leaves in clusters of three

poison oak

poison ivy

what is aluminum acetate (for poison ivy, oak, and sumac)?

astringent — drying agent

tx options for poison ivy/oak/sumac

• aluminum acetate

• colloidal oatmeal

• calamine lotion/pramoxine

• topical/oral steroids

• cold compress

what topical steroid is available OTC?

hydrocortisone 0.5%

hydrocortisone 1%

highest to lowest steroid potency: formulation

• ointment

• cream

• lotion

• solution

• gel

• spray

how much does one fingertip unit cover?

one adult handd

very high potency topical steroids

• clobetasol propionate

• fluocinonide 0.1% cream

high potency topical steroids

• betamethasone dipropionate

• fluocinonide 0.05% ointment

• mometasone furoate 0.1% ointment

high-medium potency topical steroids

fluocinonide 0.05% cream

medium potency topical steroids

mometasone furoate 0.1% lotion

triamcinolone acetonide

clobetasol propionate 0.05% lotion/shampoo/spray

Clobex

clobetasol propionate 0.05% cream/ointment

Temovate

clobetasol 0.05% foam

Olux

fluocinonide 0.1% cream

Vanos

triamcinolone acetonide spray

Kenalog

what is SPF a measure of?

how well UVB rays are deflected

when should sunscreen be applied?

• every 2 hours

• reapplied after swimming or sweating

time to burn (with sunscreen) equation

SPF * TTB (without sunscreen)

what is sunscreen labeling not allowed to say?

waterproof

sweatproof

what is sunscreen allowed to say in terms of being water resistant?

can claim water-resistance for 40-80 mins

AAD recommends chemical sunscreens with any of these ingredients

• oxybenzone

• avobenzone

• octisalate

• octocrylene

• homosalate

• octinoxate

physical sunscreens

• zinc oxide

• titanium dioxide