PHARM EXAM 1 DRUGS

Bethanacol MOA

Stimulates cholinergic muscarinic receptors.

Bethanacol uses

urinary retention (can't pee), hypoactive bowel/bladder

Bethanacol AE

diarrhea, nausea, salvation

Pilocarpine MOA

Stimulates cholinergic muscarinic receptors.

Pilocarpine uses

glaucome, sjogrens, xerostomia, dry eyes

Pilocarpine AD

blurred vision, sweating, nausea, salivation

Pyridostigmine/Neostigmine MOH

reversible AChE (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitors, increase acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction

Pyridostigmine/Neostigmine uses

MG

Pyridostigmine/Neostigmine AD

adomnial cramps, bradycardia, nausea, salvation

Edrophonium MOH

Inhibits AChE

Edrophonium uses

dianose MG

• Positive Result (Confirms MG): If the patient experiences a dramatic, temporary improvement in muscle strength (e.g., the droopy eyelid suddenly opens completely), the test is positive. This proves the weakness is specifically caused by a lack of ACh receptor stimulation.

• Negative Result: If there is no change or improvement in muscle strength

Edrophonium AD

abdominal cramps, bradycardia, salvation

Echothiophate MOH

irreversible inhibition of AChE

Echothiophate use

glaucoma (eyes)

Echothiphate AE

N/D, bradycardia, insomnia

Donepezil MOH

reversible AChE inhibitor in CNS, can cross BBB

Donepezil uses

Alzheimer's

Donepezil AD

N/D, bradycardia, insomnia

Direct Cholinergic Agonists

Bethanacol, pilocarpine

Indirect cholinergic agonists

Pyridostigmin, neostigmine, edrophonium, echothiophate, donepezil

Bethanechol class

cholinergic agonist - direct

Pilocarpine class

cholinergic agonist - direct

Pyridostigmine class

cholinergic agonist - indirect

Neostigmine class

cholinergic agonist - indirect

Edrophium class

cholinergic agonist - indirect

Echothophate class

cholinergic agonist - indirect

Donepezil class

cholinergic agonist - indirect

Acronym for cholinergic antagonists

BAT DOTS, APS

Botox class

cholinergic antagonist (M)

Atropine class

cholinergic antagonist (M)

Tiotropium class

cholinergic antagonist (M)

Dicyclomine class

cholinergic antagonist (M)

Oxybutynin class

cholinergic antagonist (M)

Trihexyphenidyl class

cholinergic antagonist (M)

Scopolamine class

cholinergic antagonist (M)

Atracurium class

cholinergic antagonist (N)

Pancuronium class

cholinergic antagonist (N)

Succinylcholine

cholinergic antagonist (N)

Botox MOH

Inhibit release of AcH

Botox use

muscle spasms, migraine, sweating

Botox AE

muscle weakness

Atropine MOH

blocks M receptors

Atropine use

POSION, bradycardia, pesticide/nerve gas

Atropine AE

urinary retention, dry mouth, blurry vision, tachycardia

Tiotropium MOH

Blocks M receptors in the LUNGS

Tiotropium use

COPD, asthma

Tiotropium AE

dry mouth, pharyngitis

Dicyclomine MOH

blocks M receptors in the STOMACH

Dicyclomine use

IBS (decreases gut motility)

Dicyclomine AE

dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, dizzy

Oxybutynin MOH

blocks M receptors in bladder (detrusor muscle)

Oxybutynin use

overactive bladder

Oxybutynin AE

tachycardia, photophobia, dry eyes, dry mouth

Trihexyphenidyl MOH

CNS, blocks M receptor

Trihexyphenidyl use

Parkinsons

Trihexyphenidyl AE

confusion, constipation, blurred vision

Scopolamine MOH

CNS, blocks M receptors

Scopolamine use

motion sickness

Scopolamine AE

drowsy, blurred vision, dry mouth

Atracurium MOH

N blocker, intermediate

Atracurium use

surgical muscle relaxer

Atracurium AE

respiratory paralysis, arrhythmia, hypotension

Pancuronium MOH

nondepolarizing N blocker

Pancuronium use

surgical muscle relaxer

Pancuronium AE

respiratory paralysis, arrhythmia, hypotension

Succinylcholine MOH

depolarizing block of N receptors

Succinylcholine use

intubation

Succinylcholine AE

malignant hypothermia, prolonged apnea