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Internet
A vast computer network of interconnected networks using the TCP/IP protocol suite.
Packet Switching
A method for transferring information by breaking data into packets that are independently routed.
Circuit Switching
A method where a dedicated physical path is established for communication.
ARPANet
A research network developed by ARPA to connect multiple computer networks.
ISP (Internet Service Provider)
A company that provides Internet access for a fee.
Net Neutrality
The principle that ISPs should treat all data equally without throttling or blocking content.
Transmission Media
The wired or wireless means of carrying an Internet signal.
Bandwidth
The volume of data that can be carried in a specific amount of time, usually measured in Mbps.
Broadband
High-speed Internet access, typically 25 Mbps download and 3 Mbps upload.
Fiber-Optic Cable
A high-speed transmission medium using light waves.
Coaxial Cable
A transmission medium using a single copper wire with shielding.
Twisted Pair
A transmission medium with two or four copper wires twisted to cancel interference.
Ethernet Cable
A wired networking cable used to connect computers.
Wi-Fi
A wireless Internet technology using radio waves.
IP Address
A unique identifier assigned to a network device.
Firewall
A security system that separates networks and protects against threats.
SSID (Service Set Identifier)
The name of a Wi-Fi network.
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy)
An outdated Wi-Fi security protocol.
WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access)
A more secure Wi-Fi encryption standard.
WPA2
The current Wi-Fi security encryption standard.
Digital Identity
The online presence of an individual or organization.
Internet Privacy
The right to control personal data online.
Copyright
Legal protection for original works of authorship.
Intellectual Property
Legally protected human knowledge and ideas.
E-Commerce
The buying and selling of goods and services online.
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
Technology that uses radio waves to identify objects.
Software Piracy
The illegal copying or distribution of software.
BitTorrent
A peer-to-peer file-sharing protocol.
Social Media
Internet-based applications that allow interaction and sharing.
The largest social networking site.
A microblogging platform using short messages called tweets.
A photo and video sharing social media platform.
Computer
A digital device that accepts input, processes data, stores data, and provides output.
Hardware
The physical components of a computer.
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
The main processor of a computer.
RAM (Random Access Memory)
Temporary memory used for processing data.
ROM (Read-Only Memory)
Permanent memory storing essential system instructions.
SSD (Solid-State Drive)
A storage device using flash memory for fast access.
Hard Drive
A storage device using magnetic disks.
Ports
Physical connections for input/output devices.
USB (Universal Serial Bus)
A standard port for connecting peripherals.
HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface)
A port for transmitting high-definition video and audio.
Ethernet
A wired network connection standard.
Laptop
A portable computer with an integrated keyboard and screen.
Tablet
A mobile computing device with a touchscreen.
Smartphone
A handheld device with computing and communication capabilities.
Server
A computer that provides services to other devices on a network.
Operating System (OS)
Software that manages hardware and software resources.
Utility Software
Programs that maintain and optimize a computer.
Windows OS
The most widely used OS for personal computers.
macOS
Apple's operating system for Mac computers.
Linux OS
A free, open-source operating system.
Application Software
Programs designed for specific tasks, such as word processing.
Spreadsheet Software
Software used for organizing and analyzing data in tabular form.
Database Software
Programs that manage structured data.
Cloud Computing
Internet-based computing services.
Software License
A legal agreement governing software use.
EULA (End-User License Agreement)
A contract between the software user and the provider.
Site License
A software license allowing use on multiple devices within an organization.
App Store
A marketplace for downloading applications.
System Preferences (macOS)
A tool for managing macOS settings.
Control Panel (Windows)
A tool for managing Windows settings.
