Muscles of Anterior & Medial Thigh (OINA, lecture 17)

Muscles of anterior thigh

tensor fasciae latae, sartorius, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius

Tensor Fasciae Latae Origin

anterior part of iliac crest

Tensor Fasciae Latae Insertion

Iliotibial band (ITB)

Tensor Fasciae Latae Innvervation

superior gluteal nerve

tensor fasciae latae action

Flexion, Abduction, and Internal Rotation of thigh

Sartorius Origin

anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

sartiorius insertion

pes anserine

Sartorius Innervation

femoral nerve

Sartorius Action

Flexion, Abduction, and External Rotation of thigh

Flexion of leg and medial rotation of flexed leg

Rectus Femoris Origin

Straight Head: anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)

Reflected Head: area above acetabulum posteriorly

Rectus Femoris Insertion

base of patella and tibial tuberosity

Rectus Femoris Innervation

femoral nerve

rectus femoris action

extension of leg

flexion of thigh

Vastus lateralis origin

intertrochanteric line and lateral lip of linea aspera

vastus lateralis insertion

base of patella and tibial tuberosity

vastus lateralis innervation

femoral nerve

vastus lateralis action

extension of leg

vastus medialis origin

intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea apsera

vastus medialis insertion

base of patella and tibial tuberosity

vastus medialis innveration

femoral nerve

vastus medialis action

extension of leg

vastus intermedius origin

proximal anterior surface of femur

vastus intermedius insertion

base of patella and tibial tuberosity

vastus intermedius innversation

femoral nerve

vastus intermedius action

extension of leg

Muscles of medial thigh

Adductor longus, Adductor brevis, Adductor magnus, Gracilis, Obturator externus, Pectineus

Pectineus Origin

pecten pubis

pectineus insertion

pectineal line

pectineus innvervation

femoral nerve

pectineus action

Abduction and flexion of thigh

Gracilis origin

body and inferior ramus of pubis

gracilis insertion

pes anserine

Gracilis innervation

anterior division of obturator nerve

gracilis action

Adduction of thigh

Flexion of leg

medial rotation of flexed leg

Adductor Longus Origin

body of pubis

adductor longus insertion

middle of linea aspera

adductor longus innervation

anterior division of obturator nerve

adductor longus action

adduction and flexion of thigh

adductor brevis origin

body and inferior ramus of pubis

adductor brevis insertion

proximal linea aspera

adductor brevis innervation

anterior division of obturator nerve

adductor brevis action

adduction and flexion of thigh

adductor magnus origin

inferior ramus of pubis; ramus of ischium; and ischial tuberosity

adductor magnus insertion

Adductor Fibers: upper portion of linea aspera

Hamstring Fibers: lower linea apsera, medial supracondylar ridge, and adductor tubercle

adductor magnus innervation

Adductor Fibers: posterior division of obturator nerve

Hamstring Fibers: tibial portion of sciatic nerve

adductor magnus action

adduction of thigh

Adductor Fibers: flex the thigh

Hamstring Fibers: extend the thigh

Obturator Externus origin

outer margin of obturator foramen and membrane

obturator externus insertion

trochanteric fossa of femur

obturator externus innervation

posterior division of obturator nerve

obturator externus action

external rotation of thigh

Muscle of posterior thigh

biceps femoris
semitendinosus

semimembranosus

Semitendinosus Origin

Ischial tuberosity

Semitendinosus Insertion

pes anserine

Semitendinosus Innervation

tibial nerve

Semitendinosus Action

Extension of thigh, flexion and medial rotation of leg

Semimembranosus Origin

Ischial tuberosity

Semimembranosus Insertion

Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia

Semimembranosus Innervation

tibial nerve

Semimembranosus Action

Extension of thigh, flexion and medial rotation of leg

Biceps femoris Origin

Long head: Ischial tuberosity
Short head: Lower portion of lateral lip of linea aspera and lateral supracondylar ridge

Biceps femoris Insertion

Head of fibula

Biceps femoris Innervation

Long head: Tibial nerve
Short head: Common fibular nerve

Biceps femoris Action

Both heads flex and laterally rotate leg, long head extends thigh

What are the superficial compartment posterior leg muscles?

gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris

Gastrocnemius Origin

medial head: superior to medial femoral condyle
lateral head: lateral side of lateral femoral condyle

Gastrocnemius Insertion

calcaneus

Gastrocnemius innervation

tibial nerve

Gastrocnemius Action

plantar flexion of ankle, flexion of leg

Soleus Origin

Upper portion of fibula and soleal line of tibia

Soleus Insertion

calcaneus

Soleus Innervation

tibial nerve

Soleus Action

Plantar flexion of ankle

Plantaris Origin

Lateral femoral condyle

Plantaris Insertion

calcaneus

Plantaris Innervation

tibial nerve

Plantaris Action

Plantaris Action

Plantar flexion of ankle, flexion of leg

What are the deep compartment muscles of the posterior leg?

popliteus, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior

Popliteus Origin

lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus

Popliteus Insertion

Posterior surface of tibia proximal to soleal line

Popliteus Innervation

tibial nerve

Popliteus Action

Flexion and internal leg rotation

Flexor hallucis longus origin

Inferior portion of fibula and interosseous membrane

Flexor hallucis longus Insertion

Base of distal phalanx of great toe

Flexor hallucis longus Innervation

tibial nerve

Flexor hallucis longus Action

Flexion of great toe and plantar flexion of foot

Flexor digitorum longus Origin

Tibia below the soleal line

Flexor digitorum longus Insertion

Distal phalnx of lesser four toes

Flexor digitorum longus Innervation

tibial nerve

Flexor digitorum longus Action

Flexion of 4 lateral toes and plantar flexion of foot

Tibialis Posterior Origin

Upper portion of tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane

Tibialis Posterior Insertion

Tuberosity of navicular, all cuneiforms, cuboid, bases of 2-4 metatarsals

Tibialis Posterior Innervation

tibial nerve

Tibialis Posterior Action

Plantar flexion and inversion of foot

What are the muscles of the 1st layer of the plantar foot?

Abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor digiti minimi (Ab-Flex-Ab)

Abductor hallucis Origin

Medial process of calcaneal tubersoity and plantar aponeurosis

Abductor hallucis Insertion

Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe

Abductor hallucis Innervation

Medial plantar nerve

Abductor hallucis Action

Abduction and flexion of great toe

Flexor digitorum brevis Origin

Medial process of calcanea tuberosity and plantar aponeurosis

Flexor digitorum brevis Insertion

Both sides of middle phalanx of lesser four toes