The Roman Republic
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Flashcards about the Roman Republic
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46 Terms
When does the Roman Republic begin?
509 BC with the ousting of Tarquin the Younger by Lucius Junius Brutus
Who established the Republic?
Brutus and Collatinus
Name the 3 classes of citizens in the Republic.
Patrician (Nobleborn), Equites (Wealthy plebeians), Plebeians (commoners)
What was the hierarchy of the government after rights were granted to the plebs?
2 consuls, 300-600 Senators and 10 Tribunes, citizens’ assemblies (comitiae)
Who nominated consuls?
The Senate
Who elected consuls?
The people
How long were consul terms?
One year
What was the minimum age to be a consul?
42
What power did consuls possess?
Imperium - the power to command armies
How often could someone be elected as Consul?
Every 10 years
How long could a dictator serve?
6 months
What was the initial class of people in the Senate?
Patricians only
How long did Senators serve?
For life
What did the Senate do?
Advised the consuls and suggested laws
Which assemblies elected tribunes?
Plebeian assemblies
Which assemblies elected consuls?
Military assembly
When was the office of Tribune established?
After 471 BC
How long was a Tribune's term?
1 year
What power did tribunes have?
Could veto actions and laws by the Senate
What protected the safety of the Tribunes?
Sacrosanct status - their safety protected by law
What is 'Cursus Honorum'?
The ladder of political advancement
How often were Censors elected?
Every 5 years
How long was a Censor's term?
18 Months
What did Censors do?
Reviewed the Senate
What was a 'Pro Consul'?
Ritual Cleansing of the State
How many Quaestors were there?
20
What was the job of a Quaestor?
Financial officers
What was the minimum age to be a Quaestor?
30
How many Aediles were there?
4
What was the job of an Aedile?
Supervised public places, public games, and the grain supply
What was the minimum age to be an Aedile?
35
How many Praetors were there?
8
What was the job of a Praetor?
Judges
What power did Praetors have?
Imperium, which means he could command armies
What did Praetors have?
Lictors - bodyguards with axes and sticks
What did Censors conduct?
Census
What positions did people hold before being appointed as Censor?
Former consuls
Who were Proconsuls?
Ex-consuls appointed as provincial governors
What rights did Full Citizens have?
Voting, marry free persons, could buy/sell/trade goods, hold public office
What rights did women have in the Roman Republic?
Could not vote or hold office, could own property and engage in trade
What rights did freed slaves, conquered people, criminals have in the Roman Republic?
Could vote and trade, could not hold office or marry free women
What is 'clientela'?
Client system - freeman could become ‘clients’ of wealthier people
Who had Partial Citizenship 1? What were their rights/limitations?
Women
-They could not vote or hold office
-They could own property and engage in trade
Who had Partial Citizenship 2? What were their rights/limitations?
Freed slaves, conquered people, criminals
They could vote and trade but could not hold office or marry free women.
Who had Full Citizenship? What could they do?
free landowning men over 15
They could vote, marry free persons, buy/sell/trade goods, and hold public office