metaphysics nature of knowledge practice test

what was the main claim of the heliocentric theory

the sun is the center of the solar system

Copernicus challenged which dominant astronomical system?

ptolemaic

Galileo supported Copernicus’s theory using which tool?

telescope

Galileo’s observations of Jupiter’s moons undermined which belief?

that all celestial bodies orbit earth

What was the Church’s reaction to Galileo’s support of heliocentrism?

censure and house arrest

In Mediation 1, Descartes begins by

doubting all his beliefs

What is Descartes' method of doubt intended to achieve?

to indubitable knowledge

What is the famous phrase from Descartes’ Meditations II?

i think, therefore i am

Descartes uses the wax example to argue:

reason allows understanding of essence

In Meditation IV, Descartes explains error as:

a mismatch between will and understanding

According to Hume, all knowledge derives from:

impressions and ideas

What does Hume say about causality?

it is a habit of mind

Hume’s “missing shade of blue” is an example of:

an exception to his theory of ideas

Hume divides human knowledge into:

relations of ideas and matters of fact

According to Hume, beliefs about cause and effect arise from:

custom and habit

Kant’s project in the Critique of Pure Reason aims to:

determine the limits of human reason

What does Kant mean by “a priori” knowledge?

knowledge independent of experience

What are Kant’s “categories of understanding”?

structures that organize experience

According to Kant, space and time are:

intuitions of our sensibility

Kant synthesizes the ideas of:

Hume and Descartes