AQA GCSE PE - Lever Systems, planes and axes

The four parts of a lever system

Load, Effort, Fulcrum, Lever arm

Fulcrum

The pivot point of a lever e.g elbow

Effort

The force applied to use the lever e.g a muscle contracting

Load/resistance

The force applied by the lever e.g what is being moved

What is in the middle of a 2nd class lever?

The load/resistance

What is in the middle of a 3rd class lever?

The effort

Mechanical Advantage

if the effort arm is longer than the resistance arm; less force is required to move the resistance

The load/resistance arm

The distance from the load to the fulcrum

Effort arm

The distance from the effort to the fulcrum

What parts of the body does the saggital plane split?

The left and right halves

What parts of the body does the frontal plane split?

The front and back halves of the body (side to side)

What parts of the body does the transverse plane split?

The top and bottom halves of the body

The longitudinal axis

runs up and down through the top of the body

The transverse axis

runs from left to right through the body

The sagitall axis

runs front to back through the centre of the body

The plane and axis a somersault requires

Transverse axis and sagittal plane

The plane and axis a cartwheel requires

sagittal axis and frontal plane

The plane and axis a pirouette requires

Longitudinal axis and transverse plane

The definition of a plane

An imaginary surface that extends through to definite points in the body

The definition of an axis

An imaginary line through the body which the body rotates around.

What is in the middle of a 1st class lever?

Fulcrum