physical science

Most non-metals on the periodic table are located on the…

top right

Transition metals are?

good conductors of thermal energy

Who arranged the elements according to atomic mass and used the arrangement to predict the properties of missing elements?

Dmitri Mendeleev

Periodic law states that..

properties of elements change periodically with the elements’ atomic numbers

Which of the following elements is in the same period as phosphorus?

magnesium

All of the following are characteristics of metals EXCEPT

brittle

The space that an object takes up is known as its?

volume

Materials that allow electricity to flow through easily are known as..

electrical conductors

Density is found by dividing what?

mass by volume

Transition metals are..

good conductors of thermal and electrical energy, hard and dense, useful in construction, and not reactive, so good in jewelry.

Evidence gathered since Mendeleev's time indicates that a better arrangement than atomic mass for elements in the periodic table is an arrangement by..

atomic number

The horizontal row on the period table is called a(n)?

period

Which statement is true of most metalloids?

They are semiconductors of electricity, they have characteristics of both metals and nonmetals, they are found in the periodic table between metals and nonmetals

Mendeleev noticed that properties of elements usually repeated at regular intervals when the elements were arranged by properties and in order of increasing…

atomic mass

In which directions on the periodic table do the atomic masses of elements increase?

Left to right and bottom to top

Most of the elements in the periodic table are what?

metals

Characteristics of non-metals include all of the following EXCEPT

ductile

The most useful source of general information about the elements for anyone associated with chemistry is a..

periodic table

Which element group has all nonmetals?

Se, Br, Kr

Which list of elements contains only metals? 

sodium, chromium, copper

The periodic law allows some properties of an element to be predicted based on its…

position in the periodic table

Based on their location in the periodic table, boron and antimony might be good elements to use as what?

semiconductors

Mendeleev gave the name eka-aluminum to a(an)?

unknown element he predicted would have properties similar to those of aluminum

Which physical property of matter describes the relationship between mass and volume?

density

How would you describe most metals? 

They can be drawn into thin wires

Of the following, the best solid insulators are..

sulfur and phosphorous

The mass of a 5.00 cm³ sample of gold is 96.5 g. The density of gold is what?

19.3 g/cm³

Moseley's work led to the realization that elements with similar properties occurred at regular intervals when the elements were arranged in order of increasing what?

atomic number

The location of metals on the periodic table is on the…

left

The density of a liquid is higher than the density of a gas because..

particles of a liquid are closer together than particles of a gas

Mass is a measurement of what?

the amount of matter that makes up something, not the space it takes up

A meniscus is..

is formed when a liquid is in a tube

As you move from left to right across a period, the number of valence electrons..

increases

Using the periodic table, transition elements belong to groups..

3-12

The column on the far left of the periodic table contains the..

most reactive metals

To which group do calcium and magnesium belong?

alkaline-earth metals

What are properties of group 2A elements?

Highly reactive with non-metals, almost as reactive as alkali metals

To which group do fluorine and chlorine belong?

halogens

The noble gases such as helium and xenon do not form chemical bonds with other elements because they…

have completely filled energy levels and are chemically stable

How many energy levels are filled or have electrons in a bromine atom?

4

Which subatomic particle reacts with other atoms and determines the properties of an element?

valence electrons

Valence electrons are those…

in the highest energy level and gained, lost or shared in bonds

Elements in a group or column in the periodic table can be expected to have similar..

properties

How many energy levels are filled in a krypton atom?

4.

The most reactive non metal is..

fluorine

Atoms of the most reactive elements tend to have..

one or seven valence electrons

The most reactive metal is?

francium or cesium

The atomic number of lithium, the first element in Group IA, is 3. The atomic number of the second element in this group is…

11

Where do the physical and chemical properties of the elements change the most?

across each period

Based on their location in the periodic table, oxygen and selenium have..

similar properties

What element with so many unique properties that it is placed separately in the periodic table?

H

Neon has eight valence electron, while a halogen has..

seven valence electrons

Which statement is true about the reactivity of the halogens?

they are the most reactive nonmetals

Which metals are found in nature only in compounds because they are so highly reactive?

sodium, potassium, lithium

Which element in Figure 5-2 is a transition metal?

V

Each vertical column on the periodic table is called a(an)

group

Based on its location in the periodic table, you could infer that what is very unreactive?

Ar

The tendency of an element to react chemically is closely related to..

the number of valence electrons in atoms of the element

Which statement is true about the elements fluorine, chlorine, and iodine? 

They are nonmetal halogens that react easily with metals

A period’s number on the periodic table corresponds to the number of what?

energy level of the atoms in the period

The groups of elements that do not have individual names are called the..

nonmetals

Alkali metals, highly reactive with oxygen, are found on the periodic table in group

1