Flashcard #12 Renaissance and Reformation

Niccolo Machiavelli

Wrote a book called "The Prince" which gave advice on how to be a ruler.

It is better to be feared than to be loved" & "the ends justify the means"

Florence

City-state led by the Medici's, a wealthy banking family.

Venice

City-state ruled by an elected "doge", richest merchant families actually ruled and also famous for their great painters.

Leonardo Da Vinci

Considered the ultimate Renaissance man.

Famous works were the "Mona Lisa" & the "Last Supper".

Drafted sketches of flying machines and submarines centuries before they were invented.

Council of Trent

Catholics meet to make reforms, in response to Luther's protest. Stop selling indulgences.

Counter Reformation

The Catholic Church's response to the challenge of its authority during the Protestant Reformation.

Johann Gutenberg

German printer who was the first in Europe to print using movable type and the first to use a press.

John Calvin

Martin Luther's successor as the preeminent Protestant theologian.

Elizabeth of England

Two months after the death of her half-sister, this 25-year-old daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, is crowned Queen at Westminster Abbey in London.

Henry VIII

King of England, was famously married six times and played a critical role in the English Reformation, turning his country into a Protestant nation.

95 Theses

Martin Luther nailed this to the Church door.

Renaissance

A rebirth of Greek and Roman culture and a time of inquiry/questioning.

Rome

City-state run by the Pope and cardinals.

Michelangelo

Famous sculptor & painter.

Painted scenes from the Bible on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.

Martin Luther

A German monk who is responsible for starting the Protestant Reformation.

Protestant Reformation

Period of time where the Catholic Church and its practices were being questioned.

Humansim

Importance is placed on human (secular) matters and not religion.

Italy

Where the Renaissance began.

Mary of England

The first queen to rule England in her own right, she was known as 'Bloody Mary' for her persecution of Protestants in a vain attempt to restore Catholicism in England.

Greek and Roman

The Renaissance was a rebirth of these two cultures.

The Prince

What was the name of Niccolo Machiavelli's book which gave advice on how to be a ruler.

Protestant Reformation

Martin Luther was a German monk who was responsible for starting this important period/event in history.

Sins

What did Indulgences forgive people for?

Tax Money

This was used to make Florence a beautiful city.

Popes and Cardinals

They were in charge of the city-states.

Sistine Chapel

Michelangelo painted scenes from the Bible on the ceiling of this place of worship.

"Mona Lisa" & the "Last Supper"

Famous works by Leonardo da Vinci

Indulgences

The Catholic church was selling these, paying for the forgiveness of sins

Protestant north and Catholic south

Europe splits religiously

Questioning

The Renaissance was a time of inquiry and ...eee95

Medici

Wealthy banking family.