Chapter 1 Key Concepts

Flashcards covering key concepts, definitions, and milestones from Chapter 1 Introduction to Genetics.

How is genetics defined in the lecture notes?

The study of heredity and genetic variation.

What is a genome?

All genetic material in a cell or organism.

What is a genotype?

The alleles an organism possesses.

What is a phenotype?

The observable characteristic produced by the genotype and environment.

What is a gene?

A unit of heredity located on a chromosome.

What is a prokaryotic cell?

A cell without a membrane-bound nucleus.

What is a eukaryotic cell?

A cell with a membrane-bound nucleus.

What is cell theory?

The theory that all organisms consist of cells, and cells arise from existing cells.

What is germ-plasm theory?

The theory that reproductive cells carry hereditary information to the next generation.

What is the central dogma?

The concept that genetic information generally flows from DNA to RNA to protein.

Where are genes located according to the lecture notes?

On chromosomes.

What creates the variation needed for evolution according to the lecture notes?

Changes in genetic information.