Med Term Ch 18 Study Flashcards
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150 Terms
what is the term for “post puberty hypersecretion of growth hormone from anterior pituitary. enlargement of extremities caused by excessive growth hormone after puberty”
acromegaly
what is the term for “hypofunctioning of adrenal cortex”
addison disease
what is the combining form for the word “gland”
aden/o
what is the term for “removal of a gland”
adenectomy
what is the term for “the anterior lob of the pituitary gland”
adenohypophysis
what is the term for “the outer section of the gland above each kidney; secretes cortisol, aldosterone, sex hormones”
adrenal cortex
what is the term for “the inner section of the gland above each kidney; secretes epinephrine”
adrenal medulla
what is the term for “excessive secretion of adrenal gland androgens”
adrenal virilism
what is the combining form for the word “adrenal glands”
adrenal/o
what is the term for “removal of an adrenal gland”
adrenalectomy
what is the term for “a stress hormone produced within the adrenal gland that quickens the heartbeat, strengthens the force of the heart’s contraction”
adrenaline, epinephrine
what is the term for “a hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete hormones; secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland”
ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone, adrenocorticotropin
what is the suffix for the word “assemble, gather together”
-agon
what is the term for “a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases salt (sodium) reabsorption by the kidney”
aldosterone
what is the combining form for the word “male”
andr/o
what is the term for “a hormone producing or stimulating male characteristics (testosterone)”
androgen
what is secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; causes water to be retained in the body naturally"
ADH, antidiuretic hormone
what is the combining form for the word “calcium”
calc/o
what is the term for “a hormone secreted by the thyroid gland; lowers blood calcium”
calcitonin
what is the term for “a hormone derived from an amino acid and secreted by the adrenal medulla”; epinephrine
catecholamine
what is the feature of tetany
constant muscle contraction
what is the combining form for the word “cortex, outer region”
cortic/o
what is the term for “steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex”; cortisol, aldosterone, sex hormones
corticosteroids
what is secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases blood sugar
cortisol
what is the term for “extreme hypothyroidism during infancy and childhood”
cretinism
what is the combining form for the word “secrete”
crin/o
what is the term for “a group of symptoms produced by excess of cortisol from adrenal cortex”
cushing syndrome
what is the term for “insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone produces this condition; disease condition due to malfunction of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland”
DI, diabetes insipidus
what is the term for “insulin deficiency (malfunction of cells in pancreas) or resistance of insulin to promoting sugar, starch, fat metabolism in cells; leading to hyperglycemia and ketoacidiosis”
secondary complications - neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy; Type 1 and Type 2
DM, diabetes mellitus
what is the combining form for the word “thirst”
dips/o
what is the term for “a mineral salt found in the blood and tissues; potassium and sodium”
electrolyte
what is the suffix for the word “blood condition”
-emia
what is the term for “a specialist in diagnosis and treatment of endocrine gland disorders”
endocrinologist
what is the term for “the hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla; raises blood pressure, elevated heart rate and dilates airways; sympathomimetic”
epinephrine
what is the combining form for the word “female”
estr/o
what is the term for “develops and maintains female sex characteristics; female hormone secreted by the ovaries”
estradiol
what is the term for “a hormone secreted by the ovary and adrenal cortex”
estrogen
what is the term for “pertaining to having properties similar to estrogen (producing estrogen-like effects)”
estrogenic
what is the prefix for the word “good, normal”
eu-
what is the term for “normal thyroid function”
euthyroid
what is the term for “enlargement and bulging of the eyeballs caused by hyperthyroidism”
exophthalmos
what is the term for “secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates hormone secretion and egg production by the ovaries”
FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone
what is the combining form for the word “sugar”
gluc/o, glyc/o
what is the term for “a hormone from the pancreas “assembles” sugar from starch sugar to be released into the bloodstream when blood sugar levels are low”
glucagon
what is the term for “a steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; regulates sugars, fats, and protein metabolism”
glucocorticoid
what is the term for “a test that measure levels of sugar in the blood”
GTT, glucose tolerance test
what is the term for “condition of sugar in the blood”
glycemia
what is the term for “pertains to sugar in the blood”
glycemic
what is the term for “an animal starch; produced from sugar by the liver”
glycogen
what is the term for “sugar present in the urine”
glycosuria
what is the term for “enlargement of the thyroid gland”
goiter
what is the combining form for the word “sex glands (ovaries, testes)”
gonad/o
what is the term for “a hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland; stimulates the gonads and controls reproductive activity”
gonadotropic hormones
what is the term for “hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and acts on the gonads (ovaries and testes); secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland”
gonadotropin
what is the term for “thyrotoxicosis; hypersecretion of the thyroid gland. exophthalmos is a sign of this endocrine disorder”
graves disease
what is the term for “excessive hair on the face and body in adult women”
hirsutism
what is the combining form for the word “sameness, constant”
home/o
what is the term for “state of equilibrium (constancy) of the body’s internal environment. tendency of an organism to maintain a constant internal environment”
homeostasis
what is the combining form for the word “hormone”
hormon/o
what is the term for “pertaining to hormones”
hormonal
what is the term for “the body’s chemical messenger that are secreted from the endocrine glands and directly into the blood”
hormone
what is the prefix for the word “excessive”
hyper-
what is the term for ‘increased calcium in the blood”
hypercalcemia
what is the term for “high levels of calcium in urine”
hypercalciuria
what is the term for “blood condition of increased sugar”
hyperglycemia
what is the term for “high levels of potassium in blood”
hyperkalemia
what is the term for “excessive production of parathormone”
hyperparathyroidism
what is the term for “overactivity of the thyroid gland (thyrotoxicosis)”
hyperthyroidism
what is the prefix for the word “deficient”
hypo-
what is the term for “decrease calcium in the blood”
hypocalcemia
what is the term for “low levels of sugar in blood”
hyperglycemia
what is the term for “condition of decreased function of the gonads, with decreased growth and sexual development; deficiency of gonadotropins”
hypogonadism
what is the term for “low levels of insulin”
hypoinsulinism
what is the term for “blood condition of deficient potassium”
hypokalemia
what is the term for “blood condition of deficiency of sodium”
hyponatremia
what is the term for “deficient production of parathyroid hormone (tetany results)”
hypoparathyroidism
what is the term for “removal of the pituitary gland”
hypophysectomy
what is the term for “condition resulting from decreased secretion by the pituitary gland”
hypopituitarism
what is the term for “region of the brain lying below the thalamus; secrete factors and hormones that affect the pituitary gland”
hypothalamus
what is the suffix for the word “substance”
-in, -ine
what is the term for “a hormone secreted by the pancreas; helps transport glucose to cells and decreases blood surgar”
insulin
what is the combining form for the word “insulin”
insulin/o
what is the term for “an element present in thyroxine”
iodine
what is the combining form for the word “potassium”
kal/o
what is the term for “fats are improperly burned, leading to accumulation of ketones in the body”
ketoacidosis
what is the combining form for the word “milk”
lact/o
what is the term for “secreted by the pituitary gland to promote evoluation”
LH, luteinizing hormone
what is the term for ‘steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; regulates mineral salts and water balance”
mineralocorticoid
what is the combining form for the word “mucus”
myx/o
what is the term for “condition of mucous-like swelling of the face and soft tissues; due to hyposecretion of the thyroid glands in adults; advanced hypothyroidism in adulthood”
myxedema
what is the combining form for the word “sodium”
natr/o
what is the term for “the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland”
neurohypophysis
what is the term for the hormone or neurotransmitter secreted by the adrenal medulla which increases the heart and blood pressure
norepinephrine
what is the term for “located in the lower abdomen of a female; responsible for egg cell production and estrogen secretion”
ovaries
what is the prefix for the word “rapid”
oxy-
what is the term for “a hormone secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland/neurohypophysis; stimulates uterine contraction during childbirth”
oxytocin, OT
what is the prefix for the word “all’
pan-
what is the term for the organ “located behind the stomach; has alpha and beta islet cells, secrete hormones”
pancreas
what is the combining form for the word “pancreas”
pancreat/o
what is the term for “removal of the pancreas. resection of a gland near and behind the stomach”
pancreatectomy