Ch 25 - Trauma Overview

Airbags are designed to:

A. prevent a second collision inside the car

B. be used with or without a shoulder harness

C. decrease the severity of deceleration injuries

D. prevent the driver from sustaining head trauma

C. decrease the severity of deceleration injuries

When the speed of a motor vehicle doubles, the amount of kinetic energy:

A. triples

B. quadruples

C. doubles

D. is not affected

B. quadruples

Internal injuries caused by gunshot wounds are difficult to predict because:

A. the caliber of the bullet is frequently unknown

B. the bullet may tumble or ricochet within the body

C. the area of damage is usually smaller than the bullet

D. exit wounds caused by the bullet are usually small

B. the bullet may tumble or ricochet within the body

A driver involved in a rollover motor vehicle crash will MOST likely experience serious injuries or death if he or she:

A. is ejected or partially ejected

B. remains within the vehicle

C. experiences multiple impacts

D. is wearing only a lap belt

A. is ejected or partially ejected

According to the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT), an adult trauma pt should be transported to the highest level of trauma center if he or she:

A. has a GCS score of less than or equal to 13 with a mechanism attributed to trauma

B. has a bleeding disorder or takes anticoagulant medications and has any blunt or penetrating injury

C. has a systolic blood pressure of less than 110 mm Hg or a heart rate greater than 110 bpm

D. was involved in a motor vehicle crash in which another pt is the same vehicle was killed

A. has a GCS score of less than or equal to 13 with a mechanism attributed to trauma

In contrast to a Level III trauma center, a Level I trauma center must:

A. have general surgeons in house 24 hours a day

B. be able to stabilize pts before transferring to a higher level facility

C. be involved in trauma prevention programs

D. have access to an emergency physician within 30 mins

A. have general surgeons in house 24 hours a day

The energy of a moving object is called:

A. kinetic energy

B. converted energy

C. latent energy

D. potential energy

A. kinetic energy

When treating a pt who experienced a pulmonary blast injury, you should:

A. administer large amounts of intravenous fluid

B. use a demand valve to ventilate the pt

C. avoid giving oxygen under positive pressure

D. suspect an accompanying cardiac tamponade

C. avoid giving oxygen under positive pressure

The phenomenon of pressure waves emanating from the bullet, causing damage remote from its path, is known as:

A. cavitation

B. congruent

C. conversion

D. capitation

A. cavitation

Which of the following findings would be LEAST suggestive of the presence of high-energy trauma?

A. steering wheel collapse

B. dismounted seats

C. deployment of the airbag

D. intrusion into the vehicle

C. deployment of the airbag

Evaluation of the interior of a crashed motor vehicle during extrication will allow the EMT to:

A. recognize if the driver hit the brakes before impact

B. assess the severity of the third collision of the crash

C. identify contact points and predict potential injuries

D. determine the vehicle's speed at the time of impact

C. identify contact points and predict potential injuries

Factors that should be considered when assessing a pt who has fallen include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A. the height of the fall

B. the surface struck

C. the speed of the fall

D. the primary impact point

C. the speed of the fall

Force acting over a distance is the definition of:

A. kinetic energy

B. potential energy

C. latent energy

D. work

D. work

If one or more occupants in the same vehicle are killed in a crash, the EMT should:

A. suspect that all living occupants experienced the same serious trauma

B. allow the survivors to refuse transport if they have no obvious injuries

C. transport the survivors only if they have injuries or complain of chest pain

D. rapidly assess only the survivors who have experienced obvious trauma

A. suspect that all living occupants experienced the same serious trauma

Signs of a pulmonary blast injury include:

A. multiple rib fractures

B. an irregular pulse

C. vomiting blood

D. coughing up blood

D. coughing up blood

The index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as:

A. the way in which traumatic injuries occur

B. the detection of less obvious life-threatening injuries

C. a predictable pattern that leads to serious injuries

D. your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying injuries

D. your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying injuries

When assessing an elderly pt who fell, it is important to remember that:

A. osteoporosis can cause a fracture as a result of a fall from a standing position

B. bilateral hip fractures usually occur when an elderly person falls

C. any fall in the elderly is considered to be high-energy trauma

D. elderly pts who fall usually have a secondary head injury

A. osteoporosis can cause a fracture as a result of a fall from a standing position

When assessing the interior of a crashed motor vehicle for damage, you are gathering information regarding the:

A. MOI

B. potential energy

C. index of suspicion

D. kinetic energy

A. MOI

Which of the following would MOST likely occur as the direct result of the second collision in a motor vehicle crash?

A. intrathoracic hemorrhage

B. caved in passenger door

C. collapsed dashboard

D. deformed steering wheel

D. deformed steering wheel

Which of the following interventions is the MOST critical to the outcome of a pt with multisystem trauma?

A. intravenous fluid administration

B. rapid transport to a trauma center

C. elevation of the lower extremities

D. early administration of oxygen

B. rapid transport to a trauma center