synapses

communicating junction between 2 neurons or between a neuron and effector

synapse

synapse are a junction between

1. BLANK and BLANK

2. BLANK and BLANK

neuron and neuron

neuron and effector

what are the three structures of a synapse

presynaptic cell

synaptic cleft

postsynaptic cell

what are two ways that synapses can be defined

• where neurotransmitters land on post synaptic cleft

• mode in which the impulse is transmitted

what are the three ways in which neurotransmitters can land on the post synaptic element

axodendric

axosomatic

axoaxonic

landing site of neurotransmitters

• terminate on dendrites of post synaptic neuron

axodendric

landing site of neurotransmitters

• terminate on post synaptic soma

axosomatic

landing site of neurotransmitters

• terminate on post synaptic axon

axoaxonic

landing site of neurotransmitters

• axodendric syanpses terminate at…

dendrites of post synaptic cell

landing site of neurotransmitters

• axosomatic synapses terminate on…

soma of post synaptic cell

landing site of neurotransmitters

• axodendric synapses terminate at…

dendrites of postsynaptic axon

what are the two modes in which impulses can be transmitted

• chemical junction

• electrical synapse junction

describe the pathway of chemical junction synapses

1. neurotransmitters reach axon terminal of pre-synaptic neuron

2. axon terminal binds to plasma membrane

3. neurotransmitters are released into synaptic cleft

4. neurotransmitters bind to receptors on post synaptic left

5. post synaptic membrane will either be excited or inhibited

synapses categorized by mode of transmission:

• unidirectional

chemical junction

synapses categorized by mode of transmission:

• does not use neurotransmitters

bidirectional electrical synapse junction

synapses categorized by mode of transmission:

• linked by gap junction that allows flow of ions between cells

bidirection electrical synapse junction

synapses categorized by mode of transmission:

• describe the pathway of a bidirectional electric synapse junction

linked by gap junctions that allow flow of ions between cells

synapses categorized by mode of transmission:

• which is faster? chemical junctions or electrical junctions

electrical

synapses categorized by mode of transmission:

• will either be excited or inhibited

chemical junctions

synapses categorized by mode of transmission:

• will always be excitatory

electrical junctions

synapses categorized by mode of transmission:

• more rare (chemical or electric junctions)

electric junctions

neurotransmitters

• stimulate skeletal muscle

acetylcholine ACH

neurotransmitters

• influence mood and sleep patterns

norepinephrine

neurotransmitters

• works with hypothalamus and promotes wakefulness

histamines

neurotransmitters

• inhibitory influence sleep, hunger, mood, and arousal

serotonin

neurotransmitters

• major inhibitory neurotransmitter

GABA

neurotransmitters

• major excitatory neurotransmitter

Glutamine