Kartlar: IB English B - Text Types | Quizlet

Diary Entry

- Daily routine's not enough

- A good diary entry should contain thoughts, feelings, reflections, in secret, in confidence

- Diaries are private

- The 'direct address' technique allows you to talk to your diary as 'you'

- The writer's opinions give structure to the writing rather than the events themselves

- Start with a phrase or exclamation or rhetorical question to focus the reader on the main event you wish to relate

- The language and ideas should sound fresh/spontaneous

- Basic rules of paragraphing apply

- Finish with a final thought or question

- 1st person perspective

- Writing in character, reflect on the personality/mood of the diary writer

- Key tenses - narrative tenses (past/present perfect/conditionals)

Blog Entry

- Public (not private)

- At HL level, your blog should focus on a specific topic (topic-based) rather than a series of events

- It's important to have a clear point of view

- You can address your audience directly

- You can ask readers to respond to your ideas

- More formal register than a diary (but keep it personal nonetheless)

- Narrative-driven or thesis-driven (this king of blog may follow essay conventions - e.g. thesis, paragraphs with topic sentences related to thesis, final thought/conclusion) → more informative/opinionated

- Both blog types share one important aspect : reflection. Your opinions, reflections and feelings should be convened to your reader

- Narrative-driven blog : past tenses, time connectives, you can be quite chatty and informal, used descriptive details use thoughts/reflections

- When writing up conversations, use reported speech

Official Report

Two types of report :

- Observation - the police report (narrative-driven)

- Evaluation report - problem-driven - purpose : to inform :

- problem - action(s) - further steps

- problem - solution(s) - recommendations

- Reports require careful planning

- Keep in mind what the reader needs to know

- Anticipate and answer clearly and questions

1 - define the problem

2 - present the info : decline, categorise, compare, priority

3 - Analyse the information

4 - write your conclusion

- Very formal tone

- Straightforward langage

- Use the passive, not the active voice

- Evaluation report - problem-driven - purpose : to inform

Interview

- Thesis-driven : start with an idea and structure the questions to prove your point - therefore, before the interview decide which topics you would like the interviewer to talk about

- Problem-driven structure

- There are no fixed tules for structuring the interview but it makes sense to start with general questions and move to more specific ones

- Avoid 'closed' questions (questions that require a yes/no answer), ask open questions instead

- Introduction : establish rapport with interviewer

- The main body

- ask less sensitive questions first and then move on the specifics - e.g. first ask about facts

- move on the questions about the present, then work into the past or future

- next, ask questions about matters such as feelings, perceptions and conclusions

- Conclusion :

- your last question could allow the respondent to provide info about future plans

- thank the respondent

- Use complete, grammatically correct sentences

Review

- Your opinions should be based on evidence : facts and details

- Think about the type of mass audience and type of publication you're writing for

- Depending on the above, you can either use a formal (magazine) or a familiar style (school paper)

- If your review is to sound authentic you've to get the register right

- You can sound smart/cleaver and yet be quite formal in your language

- Review of films/books are written in the past tense

- Review of an event are written in the past tense

Structure of film review :

- thesis-driven : starts with an opinion and supports it

- grap the readers' attention with some information or question to connect them to the film

- Introduce them to the film (name of film, type of film, the stars, basic settings)

- Describe the plot and action in the present tense - do not reveal the ending

- Analyse the film, talk about director/actors, good things, bad things - consider the acting, direction, costume design, photography, music

- Recommend the film to your audience

Structure of a book review :

- Describe and evaluate the quality, meaning and significance of a book

- Don't retell the plot or spoil in the ending

Proposal

- Formal

- Informative

- Impersonal

- Written to provide suggestions or plans

- Precise

- Developed using headings and sub-headings

- Written to gain approval or to persuade the recipient to take action

- State the aim of the proposal in the introduction

- Clarify each of the aspects, suggestions, or points under a separate heading or sub-heading

- Conclude with a general comment, opinion or assessment

- Before your start, ask yourself again :

- to whom am i writing?

- what am i writing?

- why am i writing?

- a proposal = persuade a sponsor to fund a project

- audience :

- individuals

- business

- organisation

- Introduction

- identify the aim of the project

- state the problem

- why a sponsor should give you funding

- Main body

- what, whom, by how much and when

- identify the short-term/long-term obj

- Timetable :

- how long tasks will take

- budget :

- overall cost (salaries, travel costs...)

- Conclusion :

- emphasise benefits

- social background

Informative + persuasive writing

- Explains how to make or produce something

- Instructions can be set of procedures such as a recipe, or guidelines

- Set out in a logical step-by-step fashion to enable the reader to complete something successfully

- Giving instruction : writing in the role of "expert"

- Address the readers directly but politely

- Make sure your instructions are clear

- Different strengths for the advice you want to give so you may want to qualify your verbs (may, might, could)

- Instructions are clearly based on a timeline

- Problem-driven

- Title : explain what your are writing about / include key words / alert reader to the content / it will helps the reader decide whether it will help them or not

- Introduction : incude topic discussed / give a list of the ingredients or equipments required

- Main body : give reader a roadmap to follow / body is the instructions / plan section by sketching a flow chart to make sure you have everything in order

- Conclusion : tell the reader what they can do once they finish making the product / if you think instructions are complicated, you might state how to get further help

Argumentative State

- State your organised thoughts about a topic

- Communicate your ideas clearly

- Persuade your audience that your opinions and facts are reliable

- Tone - formal/academic or personal/anecdotal

- If writing about an idea ; use a 3rd person. Use a thesis-driven structure. Cite evidences : events&figures

- If writing to make a point and to relate a personal experience use the 1st person. Use a narrative driven structure. At the end it's usual to explain how this made you come to some conclusions. Doesn't necessarily have a thesis but has an opening statement + conclusion

- 3/4 supporting ideas

- Thesis-driven structure :

- question

- intro & thesis

- supporting paragraphs (point, evidence, explanation)

- conclusion/final thoughts

- Introduction :

- introduction sentence linked to the question

- thesis a sentence that includes your main idea (this should be a provable statement)

- The main body :

- divide your essay into a series of supporting points

- each one should help you prove your thesis

- focus on a single idea that supports your thesis

- express each point clearly in a topic sentence

- Conclusion :

- add some sentences that emphasise the importance of your thesis

- state why your thesis is important

- final thought

Brochure, Flyer

Advertisement

Simple & attractive

Key message

Informative: satisfy curiosity, facts

Persuasive: convince audience to reach certsin conclusions.

Instructional: ask people to take action. Warnings, used by authorities.

Headline: title, summarized, attractive. Purpose and message.

Sub headings: separate ideas.

Short paragraphs, bullet points, benefits..

Close: what to do next.

Written Correspondence (Informal Letter)

Date

Greeting

Closing salutation

Signature

Written Correspondence (Formal Letter)

Apply, comment, complain, explain, enquire, persuade, request.

Intro:title or name of person. Dear.... State purpose.

Paragraphs: PEE. Point Example Explanation.

Conclusion: thank reader.

Guidelines

Descriptive

Organization

Order

Define specific terms

News Report

Headline

Standfirst: introducing line

By: author and place

Lead paragrah answer 5ws: what when who where why

Explanatory paragraph

Background paragraph

Final paragraph: anticipate events or compare with other stories.

*quotes

Magazine Article

Opinions and ideas

Personal comment

Title or headline (grab attention)

Introduction: capture attention

Body: one sided or balanced approach

Conclusion: sum up article

Recommendation

Instructions

Title

Intro: topic, background, materials

Body: steps in order, describe objects, define. FLOW CHART

Conclusion: what to do once finished, what to expect, further help.