Hardy-Weinberg Principles and Assumptions in Population Genetics

5 Assumption by H.W Model

Random Mating

No natural selection

No genetic drift

No gene flow

No mutation

Gene pool

The combination of all genes (including alleles) in a reproducing population.

Genotype

The genetic makeup of an organism (AA, Aa, aa).

Allele

One of two or more alternative versions of a gene.

Random Mating

No mate choice; gametes combine randomly.

No natural selection

All individuals contribute equally to the gene pool.

No genetic drift

Alleles are not picked by chance because it assumes the population is large.

No gene flow

No new alleles added or lost from the gene pool.

No mutation

No new alleles introduced into the gene pool.

Hardy-Weinberg equation

p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1.

Allele frequencies

Do not change when alleles are transmitted through meiosis and random combination of gametes.

H.W Principle

Predicts the genotype frequencies and allele frequencies in the next generation.