A&PCh.3 Cell Division

plasma membrane

external boundary of cell; regulates flow of materials into and out of the cell; double-layered lipid structure (hydrophobic)

lysosomes

contains digestive enzymes; “suicide sac

mitochondria

major site of ATP synthesis; scattered throughout cell

microvilli

extensions of plasma membrane that increase its surface area

inclusions

stored glycogen granules, crystals, pigments; present is SOME cell types; in cytoplasm

golgi apparatus

membrane system of flattened sacs and vesicles; packages proteins for export

nucleus

control center of cell; needed for cell division and cell life

centrioles

direct formation of the mitotic spindle, rod-shaped

nucleoli

packing sites for ribosomes; dense, darkly staining nuclear body

endoplasmic reticulum

membrane system that has rough and smooth varieties

smooth ER

site of lipid and steroid synthesis; lipid metabolism; drug detox

rough ER

studded w ribosomes; give area for protein on ribosomes to be transported around cell

ribosomes

site of protein synthesis; attached or scattered in cytoplasm; tiny, spherical

chromatins

threadlike material in nucleus; contains DNA

peroxisomes

site of free radical detoxification

cell

structural and functional unit for all living things

organelles

small organs; metabolic machinery of the cell; carries out specific tasks for cell as a whole

cystol

fluid of cytoplasm; holds organelles

cytoplasm

cytosol and organelles; cell contents outside of the nucleus; site of most cell activities