Basic Chemistry Concepts

Flashcards covering fundamental chemistry concepts, including definitions of key terms related to atoms, molecules, elements, and the periodic table.

Atom

The smallest unit of matter.

Proton

A particle in an atom's nucleus with a positive charge.

Neutron

A particle in an atom's nucleus that has no charge.

Electron

A negatively charged particle of an atom.

Nucleus

The core of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons.

Molecule

A group of atoms that can be of the same or different types.

Compound

A group of different types of atoms.

Element

A substance made of the same type of atom; it is pure.

Electron cloud

The area around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are found.

Periodic Table

An arrangement of elements separated into groups based on repeating properties.

Period

A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table, indicating the number of electron shells.

Group

A vertical column in the periodic table, indicating the number of electrons in the outer shell.

Atomic number

The number of protons in an element.

Atomic symbol

A one or two letter abbreviation for an element, with the first letter always capitalized.

Atomic Mass

Number of Protons plus number of Neutrons in an atom.