Psy of aging final 2

People who are securely attached in adulthood show which behaviors towards people who are close to them?

Enjoy being with them but are able to withstand separation

The idea that the ego plays a central role in behavior is most closely associated with which theoretical perspective in personality psychology?

Psychodynamic

A criticism of Levinson's study, on which the original midlife crisis theory was based, is that:

The study sample was biased towards the highly educated 

People higher in conscientiousness may experience health benefits due to lower levels of which stress-related hormone?

cortisol

Which of the following examples would fit into the category of displacement, according to Vaillant's theory of defense mechanisms?

Becoming enraged at a customer service worker after you've had a terrible day at work

A 22-year-old college graduate enters a master's program in social work after having considered several types of majors, ranging from biology to classics. This graduate would be considered to fit into which identity status?

Achieved

According to which theory of personality does perception of limited time in older adulthood lead to greater prioritization of emotionally meaningful goals and relationships?

Socioemotional selectivity theory

A large meta-analysis of longitudinal studies of personality showed increases in which personality trait across adulthood?

emotional stability

According to some researchers, the shape of happiness from middle-age to older adulthood follows which basic pattern?

decline then increase

The Mills College study of development, begun by Helson in the 1950s, showed the importance of feeling a sense of __________ in life during middle-age.

purpose

The sense of generativity, according to Erickson, can be developed in midlife through:

mentoring other people

________ may serve as attachment figures for older adults, because they are often with the older individual daily.

pets

The __________ principle would predict that, over time, a highly agreeable person would be more liked by other people, which would further increase that person's agreeableness over the years of adulthood.

corresponsive

The SCoRE model emphasizes the role of context on an older adult's coping and motivation in the form of:

environmental cues

One of the best predictors of the experience of a mid-life crisis in the Department of Veteran Affairs Normative Aging Study and more recent longitudinal studies was found to be:

High neuroticism scores in early adulthood

According to __________ theory, the basic and enduring dispositions of personality remain stable throughout adulthood.

trait

People who do not settle on a consistent course in life, constantly searching for identity, would fit into which of the five pathways in the RALS?

meandering way

Older adults in the __________ relationship status have decided not to share the same household.

living apart together

Research by Bonnano on grief in widows showed that the majority of women displayed the pattern known as _________ grief.

resilient

The sibling relationship in late adulthood is unique because siblings typically:

Have known each other longer than anyone else in their lives.

Research shows that the satisfaction of couples in same-sex marriages, compared to those in different-sex marriages, can be influenced by:

Exposure to stress from discrimination

The __________ effect refers to the fact that people are more likely to die a relatively short time after their spouse dies.

widowhood

The principle of _________ serves as an underlying theme of friendships throughout life.

reciprocity

An older adult mother and her middle-aged daughter who are in a "developmental schism" are experiencing which phenomenon?

Feeling increasingly distant or estranged from each other.

According to equity theory, what are the major considerations that couples take into account in evaluating their levels of satisfaction?

how much effort each contributes

What percent of adults 65 and older are in a same-sex marriage?

13.3

Filial anxiety occurs when adult children experience which set of feelings about their parents?

concern about having to care for them

Couples high in the psychological quality of __________ are more likely to contemplate ending a second marriage when difficulties arise. 

divorce proneness

The cohabitation effect refers specifically to the higher divorce rate among couples who:

lived together before getting engaged

In the US, estimates are that ___ % of households are multigenerational. 

4.7

At each major holiday family gathering, the liberal son and his highly conservative father inevitably argue in a heated political debate, upsetting everyone at the dinner table. This situation is an example of which dimension in the intergenerational solidarity model?

consensual

In the ________ type of family situation, grandparents raise grandchildren without the presence of parents in the home. 

skip generation

Research shows that being involved with grandchildren, including the sharing of new technology and skills, can help improve an older adult's:

executive functioning

A 69-year-old man believes it is important to serve as a role model for his grandchildren and occasionally help them out financially, but that it is undignified to get too close to them. He appears to fit into which category of grandparents?

formal

By 2030, ______ % of the U.S. labor force will be 65 years and older.

9.5

A machinist would be considered to have which personality type according to Holland's RIASEC model?

realistic

In the earliest, or __________ stage of vocational development in Super's theory, individuals attempt to find a way to express their self-concept through their work. 

exploration

Work that allows an individual to feel a higher sense of self-esteem and inner directedness contributes to which psychological quality?

core self-evaluation

The phenomenon of motivational crowding out refers specifically to situations when workers:

Lose interest in their work due to extrinsic rewards

The three factors that influence a worker's vocational satisfaction, according to self-determination theory, are competence, relatedness, and:

autonomy

Affective events theory suggests that employers can help offset the negative moods their workers may experience on a "bad day" by:

building team camraderie

The work-family conflict model predicts that workers who are stressed by demands of work and family roles may show what effects while on the job?

Counterproductive work behaviors

The law that was enacted in 1967 to protect the rights of older workers was called the:

Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA)

"Soft" ageism or discrimination at work can take the form of:

Exhibiting biases about a worker's ability based on age

In a study of the safety records of commercial airline pilots, those in which age group were most likely to trigger unsafe incidents while flying?

21-35

A former software engineer retires from a job at a high-tech firm and soon after, takes a position as a substitute high school math teacher. The engineer is showing which late-life work pattern?

bridge employment

Social Security is "pay-as-you-go," meaning that:

 

Your payroll tax goes toward current retiree benefits.

Approximately 30% of the income of people 65 and older comes from what source?

Social security

The idea that people are able to draw on their physical, psychological, and social capabilities to allow them to adjust to retirement is referred to as the __________ model.

resource

Participation in which type of leisure activity was found to predict improved neuropsychological functioning in older adults?

handicrafts

An Australian study showed that participation in a variety of __________ retirement activities benefited the sense of self-efficacy and mastery?

socially engaging

Professionals in the field of clinical of _________ specialize in the psychological treatment of older adults.

geropsychology

In the disorder known as __________ disorder, the individual continues to experience persistent bereavement symptoms for at least one year.

prolonged grief

Researchers who study bipolar disorder in older adults emphasize which lifestyle change as part of treatment?

maintaining healthy weight

A 45-year-old man is concerned because his 70-year-old mother seems unusually restless, tense, irritable, and prone to worrying. It is possible that his mother has developed which psychological disorder?

generalized anxiety

The staff of an assisted living facility is concerned that a new resident refuses to eat in the public dining spaces out of concern about being perceived as a messy eater. Based on this behavior, it is possible that this resident is experiencing _________ disorder.

social anxiety

A psychologist suspects that an older adult has developed hoarding disorder when the individual is unable to dispose of:

Empty cans, old newspapers, and food remnants

An 85-year-old woman was injured when a hurricane struck her neighborhood and she couldn't get out in time. For the past three weeks, she has experienced severe nightmares and doesn't want to return home even though her house is completely repaired. This woman seems to meet the diagnostic criteria for _________ disorder.

acute stress

Military veterans exposed to combat during their tour of duty were found to have a ____ % prevalence rate of post-traumatic stress disorder in their later adult years.

17

One of the key symptoms of LATR, as shown particularly in older veterans, is the experience of:

Increased memories about an earlier traumatic experience 

A 78-year-old man suffers from the delusion that his family is plotting to take his money away. He has shown no signs of psychological disorder earlier in life. A mental health professional would consider giving him a diagnosis of:

late-onset schizophrenia

When developing a treatment plan for an older adult with a psychological disorder, clinicians need to be mindful of the high rates of abuse of which substance?

perscription medications

In which type of setting are professionals concerned about high rates of alcohol abuse by older adults?

retirement community

Longstanding disturbances in patterns of behavior serve as a risk factor that can increase the rates of _________ in older adults.

personality disorders

Longstanding disturbances in patterns of behavior serve as a risk factor that can increase the rates of _________ in older adults.

impulsivity

Considered part of foundational knowledge, the APA Geropsychology Practice Guidelines recommend that practitioners:

Know about psychological disorders in later life

Which of the following is an appropriate modification that clinicians should use when assessing older adult clients?

Taking physical limitations into account such as chronic pain

In __________, clinicians plan interventions with older adults that take into account factors suh as available research, the individual's cultural background, and specific diagnosis.

evidence based practice

According to the World Health Organization, which is the most prevalent form of elder abuse?

psychological

In a grandparent scam, older adults may be targeted for abuse through what fraudulent activity?

Receiving a call from a young person saying they know their grandchild

In the US, the majority of suicides among men in later life involve which means of death?

firearms

Which of the following is a sociocultural contributor to suicide risk in older adults?

internalized ageism

A family member becomes concerned about the mental health of an older relative who has started to give away important personal items without any clear reason, such as moving. One possibility is that this behavior reflects:

intention to die by suicide

Mr. Chen lives in an institutional facility for older adults in which the 24 hour nursing care provided is close to that of a hospital. This type of institution is known as a(n):

skilled nursing facility

In a Continuing Care Retirement Community (CCRC), residents receive what type of assistance?

A range of services depending on need

The majority of nursing homes in the U.S. fall into which category of ownership?

for-profit

In 2023, the median cost of home health aides per month was:

$6292

A young woman is helping her grandmother understand the hospital bill she just received after being treated for a fractured arm. Unfortunately, she finds that Medicare did not cover the cost of:

The private hospital room that was not medically required

Part B, but not Part A, of Medicare covers which type of medical services?

Preventive screenings, laboratory tests, and chiropractor visits

People who buy Medicare Advantage plans may find that they still need to purchase:

A prescription drug plan

In order to qualify for Medicaid, older adults whose Medicare eligibility has run out and who are living in a nursing home must:

"Spend down" their assets so they meet eligibility criteria

Older adults and their families can take advantage of which publicly available resource to learn about the quality of a nursing home they are thinking of choosing?

Care Compare

In the competence-press model of institutional adaptation, the "press" variables focus on:

How many demands are placed on the person

The Green House model involves which approach to skilled nursing care?

Having residents live in individual homes within small communities

An older adult couple decides that they would rather invest their retirement income in making changes to their house rather than moving to an assisted living facility. Which renovations would be least likely to help them achieve this goal?

Installing higher shelves in closets to allow more storage

Loss of appetite and atrophy of muscle mass are symptoms of which syndrome seen in dying patients?

Anorexia-cachexia syndrome

Data from the CDC on death rates are reported in several ways. Age-adjusted death rates provide what type of information?

A weighted sum of deaths in the population on the basis of age

The role of education and wealth's effects on health risk factors was demonstrated in a study showing the effect of _________ on mortality rates.

climate threats

The death ethos of a culture refers to its:

philosophy of death

A cultural anthropologist is searching through burial records and photos of gravestones from England in the 1800s. The evidence suggests that the English believed it was noble to die for a cause and that death should be glorified. This evidence is consistent with the ethos of _________ death.

beautiful

The concept of "death with dignity" as it developed in the late 20th century implies which approach to dying patients?

Respecting their wishes to control their death

In the Kübler-Ross framework, the first stage of dying is considered to be:

denial

A patient in the final stages of terminal cancer writes out her wishes for the amount of time she will be kept alive before entering hospice care. The ability to exert this degree of autonomy is reflected in the concept of the _________ death.

good

The book "The Denial of Death" by Ernest Becker makes the claim that Western Society is characterized by which attitude toward death?

people prefer not to think or talk about it

Thinking about one's past life and accomplishments through an active process of reminiscence and self-evaluation is known as the:

life review

Death anxiety is associated with which of the following?

ending of the self

An 89-year-old woman is admitted to a hospital emergency room after suffering a stroke. Her physician checks with the woman's daughter to find out if her mother has made her wishes known about being kept alive on life support should this become necessary. In other words, the physician is requesting whether the mother has a(n):

advance directive

On average, researchers found that approximately ____ % of all older adult hospitalized patients were given the chance to engage in advance care planning.

11

When a physician provides the drugs and instruments for patients to end their lives, this is known as:

medical aid in dying

What percent of hospices in 2022 were found to have more than one serious deficiency by the Office of Inspector General?

80