Intro to Psych Ch. 5

learning

a systematic, relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs through experience

classical conditioning

organisms learn the association between two stimuli (causes organisms to anticipate events)

unconditioned stimulus

a stimulus that produces a response without prior learning

unconditioned response

unlearned recaction that is automatically elicited by the unconditioned stimulus

conditioned stimulus

a previously neutral stimulus that eventually elicits a conditioned response after being paired with the unconditioned stimulus

conditioned response

the learned response to the conditioned stimulus that occurs after a conditioned stimulus—unconditioned stimulus pairing

aquisition

the initial learning of the connection between a conditioned stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus when the two stimuli are paired

extiction in classical conditioning

the weakening of the conditioned response when the unconditioned stimulus is absent

operant conditioning

organism learn the association between a behavior and a consequence

law of effect

Thorndike’s law stating that the behaviors followed by positive outcomes are strengthened and that behaviors followed by negative outcomes are weakened

behavioral learning

attention, retention, motor reproduction, and reinforcement

latent learning

unreinforced learning that is not immediately reflected in behavior

insight learning

a form of problem solving in which the organism develops a sudden insight into or understanding of a problem’s solution

schedules of reinforcement

fixed ratio, variable ratio, fixed interval, variable interval