Micro lec 1

Who invented the microscope?

Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek

Who developed a taxonomic system for naming plants and animals?

Carolus Linnaeus

What were the six categories?

fungi, protozoa, Algae, Bacteriam Archea, small multicellular organisms

What is Microbiology?

Biology of small microorganisms

What is serology?

Study of blood serum

Who proposed that living things can arise from nonliving matter?

Aristotle

What was Francesco Redi’s Experiment that caused scientists to doubt Aristoles theory?

Putting meat in a sealed flask lead to no flies/maggots VS. Putting meat in a unsealed flask lead to flies/maggots

What was the purpose for one of Louis Pasteur experiments?

He wanted to find out if microbes just appear on their own or do they come from other microbes

What was Louis Pasteur first experiment like?

He boiled the liquid in flask to kill any microbes that might be present. The flask had a curved neck so air could go in and out but dust/microbes got trapped in bend, the liquid however stayed clean for months because the microbes couldn’t get in. When the flask was tilted the liquid touched the dust/microbes that were trapped in the neck and microbes grew in the liquid within a day.

What is the scientific method?

Method by which all science is done at the moment.

What led to the development of the scientific method?

Debate over spontaneous generation

What are the correct steps to a successful scientific method?

observations, questions, hypothesis, experiment, observations, experimental data supports hypothesis, accept hypothesis repeat the experiment and then right down the theory or law

What is are the correct steps for an unsuccessful scientific method?

Observations, questions, hypothesis, experiment, Observations, experimental data does not support hypothesis, reject or modify hypothesis, then do experiment again with modified hypothesis.

What was the purpose of Louis Pasteur’s second experiment ?

He wanted to know what caused fermentation

During Pasteur’s experiment what did the bacteria ferment the grape juice into?

The bacteria converted the grape juice in acids.

During Pasteur’s experiment what did yeast ferment grape juice into?

Yeast fermented grape juice into alcohol

What did Pasteur’s prove with his experiments?

He proved that fermentation only happened when the flasks were left open and that yeast ferments grape juice into alcohol

Who was concerned about high mortality rate in mothers in maternity wards and advocated the washing of hands in bleach between performing autopsies and working with patients?

Ignaz Semmel Weiss

Who studied causative agents of disease, purified colonies of microorganisms and Anthrax/TB?

Robert Knoch

What is aspect technique?

Prevention of contamination

What does pathogenesis depend on?

Virulence of factors

What is the purpose of microbial antagonism?

Ways to antagonize different pathogens

What are Koch’s Postulates(principles)?

1. Suspected causative agent must be found in every case of disease abd be absent from healthy hosts.

2. Agent must be isolated and grown outside the disease host.

3. When agent is introduced into a new healthy susceptible host, this experimental host must get the disease (RAT).

4. Same agent must be found in the diseased experimental host.

Who came up with antiseptic surgical technique?

Joseph Lister’s

Who came up with infection control and epidemology?

John snow

Who came up with antibodies?

Von Behring and Kitasato

What made penicillin?

Alexandar Fleming

What is light microscope?

This microscope has max resolution of 1000x (fold), and differential colors can be seen

What is Transmission electron microscope?

Has magnification of up to 1m x magnification, no color, only density can be seen.

What is scanning electron microscope?

With this microscope electrons bounce off the surface of spacemen, and only surface features can be seen