Chapter 14 Brain & Cranial Nerves Review

14.1 What is marked? What is the function?

Cerebrum

Controls thinking, movement, emotion, language

14.1 What is marked? What is the function?

Cerebellum

Muscle movement, balance, posture

14.1 What is marked? What is the function?

Hypothalamus

Regulates hunger, thirst, temperature, hormones

14.1 What is marked? What is the function?

epithalamus

contains pineal gland for melatonin

14.1 What is marked? What is the function?

Brainstem

Controls breathing, heart rate

14.1 What does the forebrain become?

Telencephalon / Diencephalon

14.1 What does the midbrain become?

Stays a midbrain

14.1 What does the hindbrain become

Metencephalon

14.1 What ventricle is this? What is the function?

Lateral Ventricle

Produce circulate CSF

14.1 What is this? What is its function?

Interventricular foramen

connects lateral ventricles to third ventricle

14.1 What is marked? What is the function?

fourth ventricle

Circulates CSF into spinal cord

14.1 What is marked? What is the function?

Cerebral aqueduct

connects 3rd ventricle to 4th

14.2 What layer is this?

Dura matter

14.2 What layer is this? ( In red )

Arachnoid matter

14.2 What layer is this?

Pia matter

14.2 function of cerebrospinal fluid? Where is it formed?

Surrounds cushions brain / spinal cord

Shock Absorber / circulates nutrients

Choroid plexus

14.3 give some classifications of the medulla oblongata compared to spinal cord?

Wider

Mixed gray / white matter

Cranial nerves (9,10,11,12)

Regulate heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, swallowing, vomiting.

14.3 give some classifications of the spinal cord compared to the medulla oblongata?

Cylindrical / Elongated

White matter on outside, gray inside

No Cranial nerves, only spinal

14.4 What is this in the pons? Function?

Descending tract

Carries signals DOWN the brain

14.4 What is this in the pons? Function?

Ascending tact

Carries signals UP to the brain

14.4 What is this in the pons? Function?

Reticular forman

Controls alertness, sleep, posture

14.4 What nerves are present in the pons

trigeminal

abducens

facial

vestibulocochlear

14.4 Function of tectum in midbrain

superior colliculi - controls reflexes for vision

inferior colliculi - controls reflexes for hearing

14.4 function of cerebral peduncles in midbrain

carrys messages from brain to body

14.4 function of substantia nigra in midbrain

helps control movement

makes dopamine

14.4 function of red nucleus in midbrain

helps with motor coordination

14.4 cranial nerves in the midbrain

oculomotor - moves eyes

trochlear - moves ONE eye muscle superior oblique

14.6 what is this in the cerebellum? what is its function?

Left hemisphere of cerebellum

control LEFT side of body

14.6 what is this in the cerebellum? what is its function?

Right side hemisphere

Controls right side of the body

14.6 what is this in the cerebellum? what is its function?

Vermis

seperates the two hemispheres

14.7 what part of the diencephalon is this? Function?

Thalamus

Relay, processes sensory info

14.7 what part of the diencephalon is this? Function?

Hypothalamus

controls emotions, hormone function, produce hormones that affect pituitarity gland

14.7 what part of the diencephalon is this? Function?

Pineal gland

secretes melatonin

14.8 What is the function of the hippocampus in the limbic system?

stores forms memories

14.8 function of amygdala

controls emotions

fear aggression

14.9 what part of the cerebrum is this? what is the function?

Frontal lobe

problem solving, decision making, mood

14.9 what part of the cerebrum is this? what is the function?

Parietal lobe

temperature, pain, awareness

14.9 what part of the cerebrum is this? what is the function?

Occipital lobe

Vision

14.9 what part of the cerebrum is this? what is the function?

Temporal lobe

Memory

14.9 Function of lateral sulcus

separates frontal lobe from temporal lobe

14.10

14.10 What type of response is pupillary light reflex? what is the stimulus? what is the response to the light?

type of stimulus - somatic response

stimulus - light shinning in eye

response - pupil constricts, to protect eye from bright light

Optic nerve and oculomotor nerve

14.10 What type of response is corneal reflex? what is the stimulus? what is the response to the touch?

type of stimulus - somatic response

stimulus - something touching the eye

response- blinking of eyelids

Trigeminal / facial nerve

What is your left cerebral hemisphere in control of specifically?

Reading

writing

math

speech

language

decision making

What is your right cerebral hemisphere in control of?

analyzes sensory info

touch, smell, sight, taste

What brain wave is this? Where is it present?

Beta waves

Seen in adults who are concentrating or who are stressed

What brain wave is this? Where is it present?

Alpha waves

Seen is healthy awake adults at rest with eyes closed

What brain wave is this? Where is it present? What can it mean in adults?

Theta waves

seen in children and frustrated adults

Brain disorder in adults

What brain wave is this? Where is it present?

Delta waves

In sleep for infants

In awake adults with brain damage