Required Practical: Making soluble salts

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10 Terms

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How can you make a soluble salt?

  1. Acid + base

  2. Acid + metal

  3. Acid + metal oxide

  4. Acid + metal carbonate

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Acid + metal

salt + hydrogen

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acid + metal oxide

salt + water

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acid + metal carbonate

salt + water + carbon dioxide

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Aim

make a soluble salt using an insoluble base

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Why do we use CuO?

Cu is unreactive so will not react with H2SO4 to displace H2

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Safety

  • goggles

  • acid is irritant- prevent direct contact with skin

  • Beaker may become very hot- do not remove immediately

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Method for making a soluble salt from an insoluble base using copper oxide and acid

  1. Using a measuring cylinder, measure 20cm3 of acid into a beaker

  2. Stand beaker on a tripod and gauze to warm gently

    using warm acid speeds up reaction

    acid shouldn’t boil/bubble over

    or can use water bath

  3. Turn of flame and wait for acid to stop bubbling

    reduce risk of bubbling over when salt added

  4. Add half a spatula of copper oxide POWDER in excess (increased SA so reacts quickly) into acid and stir using a glass rod

  5. Keep adding more copper oxide until no more dissolves- bottom will be black if acid reacted

  6. Allow to cool then filter mixture using and funnel and filter paper

  7. pour filtrate into an evaporating basin and evaporate half- if lots is evaporated it will turn into powder

  8. Remove from heat and leave to crystallise over 4 to 5 days

  9. gently pat dry crystals with a paper towel

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Why do we use a small amount of cooper carbonate?

it is harmful to the environment

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Method for making a salt with a carbonate

  1. Measure 20cm of acid using a measuring cylinder and add to beaker

  2. Add a spatula of copper carbonate and stir using a glass rod

  3. Keep adding until no more gas is produced and there is excess copper carbonate at the bottom

  4. Filter out excess using a funnel and filter paper

  5. Pour mixture into an evaporating basin and heat gently under a bunsen burner to evaporate water

  6. Leave some solution at the bottom to crystallise and form crystals