cna block 7 musculoskeletal system

bone

a hard rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton and composed mostly of calcium

muscle

a body tissue consisting of long cells that contract when stimulated and produce motion

ligament

a short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint

arthritis

a general term, inflammation or swelling of joints

joint

a structure in the human or animal body at which two parts of the skeleton are fitted together

tendon

a flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen attaching a muscle to a bone

atrophy

the wasting away, decreasing in size, and weakening of muscles from lack of use

contracture

the permanent and often painful shortening of a muscle or tendon, usually due to lack of inactivity

osteoarthritis

a common type of arthritis that usually affects the hips, knees, fingers, thumbs, and spine also called degenerative joint disease (DJD) or degenerative arthritis, caused from aging or injury

rheumatoid arthritis

a chronic progressive auto-immune disease causing inflammation in the joints and resulting in painful deformity and immobility, especially in the fingers, wrists, feet, and ankles

osteporosis

a disease that causes bones to become porous and brittle, causing them to break easily

weight bearing

the amount of support or weight one can put on their lower extremities, supporting the weight of their body

partial weight bearing PWB

a doctors order stating that a person is able to support some body weight on one or both legs

non-weight bearing NWB

a doctors order stating that a person is unable to touch the floor or support any body weight on one or both legs

full weight bearing FWB

a doctors order stating that a person has the ability to support full body weight on both legs

hip fracture

broken bone in the hip, usually fall which bone has been weakened by osteoporosis

hip replacement

a type of surgery that involves removal of the damaged hip joint and surrounding cartilage and replacement with a prothesis

abduction pillow/wedge

a wedge shaped pillow positioned between the legs to immobilize and position the hips and lower extremities, usually after hip surgery

knee replacement

a surgical procedure to replace the weight bearing surfaces of the knee joint to relieve pain and disability

musculoskeletal system

bones of the skeleton, muscles, cartilage, tendons and ligaments. protects organs and all

normal signs

muscles weaken and lose tone, slow body movement, brittle bones losing density, stiffen joints, height loss

signs to report

changes and ability to perform movements, pain during movement, swelling of joints, white shiny red warm areas over joints, bruising, aches and pains